BACKGROUND Although the problem of substance use among drivers is not limited to certain parts of the world, most epidemiological reports on this topic have been published from industrial world. AIM To investigate pattern of drug use among Iranian drivers who were involved in fatal road accidents. METHODS This study enrolled 51 Iranian adults who were involved in fatal vehicle accidents and...

Background: Lower extremity injuries are frequently observed in car-to-pedestrian accidents and due to the bumper height of most cars, knee joint is one of the most damaged body parts in car-to-pedestrian collisions.Objective: The aim of this paper is first to provide an accurate Finite Element model of the knee joint and second to investigate lower limb impact biomechanics in car-to-pede...

injuries suffered in vehicle traffic crashes are the leading cause of death among children in many countries. prevention of injuries of children in raod accidents is still a challenge. the present lecture discuss the commonly injuried body regions in children involved in motor and non-motor vehicle traffic crashes. head, ribs and lung are commonly injured body regions among children under 8 yea...

168 INTRODUCTION The knee is an intermediate joint of the lower limb, lying between both the longer lever arms of the human body (femur and tibia)(1,2). Despite of its complex mechanism and structures, it plays an important role for daily life activities. Under a functional point of view, it is essential for ambulation, keeping a bipodal stance, and for performing basic movements such as gait, ...

Typically low severity neck injuries (whiplash injuries) have been associated with front and rear impacts. These injuries are classified as low severity injuries and are given the lowest rating on the Abbreviated Injury Scale of (AIS) 1. In spite of its low severity rating, these injuries can be disabling and life altering. More recently, the literature has highlighted the need to investigate l...

With the development of automotive industry, the traffic accident caused by automotive collision has become a social problem in the world. Aiming at improving the safety of automotives and reducing the collision accidents, an automotive collision avoidance system based on intelligence control is researched. As the control core, a 16-bit microcontroller receives the distance signal of the front ...

<p>Human evolution has included the development of transportation systems. People are currently driving a significant number fuel-powered automobiles. This resulted in an increase accidents as well pollution environment. To address disadvantages gasolinebased vehicles, this study presents IoT-based E-vehicle monitoring system (E-VMS) for early accident detection and to make environment cl...

Economic growth, urban development and the prosperity of automobile industry have driven a huge shift in global transportation from walking to public then automobiles. Private mobility has become an important part residents’ daily trips. Cities, especially automobile-dependent cities, face variety negative impacts such as increased commuting distances, higher congestion costs, traffic accidents...