T he fi rst kibbutz, called Degania, was established southwest of the Sea of Galilee in 1910, but the vast majority of kibbutzim were established in the 1930s and 1940s, shortly before the creation of the state of Israel in 1948. The stereotypical view emphasizes that the founders of kibbutzim were often socialist idealist Jews from Eastern Europe. They migrated to the area of the Middle East t...