There is growing interest in the study of multilevel societies, where social units comprising several individual animals (human and non-human) come together to form higher-level groupings. Grueter et al. [ 1. C.C. Multilevel organisation animal sociality. Trends Ecol. Evol. 2020; 9: 834-847 Abstract Full Text PDF Scopus (46) Google Scholar ] provided a useful definition highlighting that key ch...

1 Penlu Terrace, Tuckingmill, Camborne, Cornwall 4th Oct.: Presidential Address on "Anaemia". R.C.I. 3rd Nov.: "Emergencies: Modern Anaesthesia", by Dr. Trotter, Redruth. 7th Dec.: Ladies' Night. Dr. H. P. Speed on "Poltergeists". R.C.I. 4th Jan.: Clinical Meeting. Redruth. 1st Feb.: "Pain of Arterial Origin", by Mr. H. H. G. Eastcott. R.C.I. 7th Mar.: Clinical Evening. St. Lawrence's. 4th Apr....

When governments think about health, attention is usually on the cost of health care as that is where the money goes. The causes of ill-health tend to take second place. To the extent that causes intrude on policy-makers, a convenient, but loose, dichotomy presents itself: in the poorer countries of the world the burden of ill-health is the result of infectious disease linked to poor environmen...

This paper develops a model to analyze economic performance under different political regimes. An “oligarchic” society, where political power is in the hands of major producers, protects their property rights but also tends to erect significant entry barriers against new entrepreneurs. Democracy, where political power is more widely diffused, imposes redistributive taxes on producers, but tends...

CORRESPONDENCE. [Correspondence on all subjects is invited, but we cannot be responsible for the opinions expressed by our correspondents, who must give name and address as a guaranteo of good faith, but not necessarily for publication. Correspondents are reminded that conciseness greatly facilitates early insertion.] Hospitals and Approved Societies. To the Editor of The Hospital and Health Re...

is published in full as a supplement to this number of the Journal. At the conclusion of the Oration, Dr. John Rankin proposed a vote of thanks to Dr. Campbell. He said previous orators had all known Robert Campbell, but this was the first time one who had not enjoyed his friendship had made his contribution. Robert Campbell was a scholar, and it was that happy blend of the scholarly and the sc...

We investigate the concept of artificial societies and identify a number of separate classes of such societies. These are compared in terms of openness, flexibility, stability, and trustfulness. The two most obvious types of artificial societies are the open societies, where there are no restrictions for joining the society, and the closed societies, where it is impossible for an “external agen...

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