Aerobic degradation, photolysis, and mobility of tylosin were investigated in the laboratory. Tylosin A is degraded with a half-life of 200 d in water, while it is stable in the dark. Tylosin C and D are relatively stable except in ultrapure water in the light. Slight increases of tylosin B and formation of two photoreaction products, isotylosin A alcohol (E,Z) and isotylosin A aldol (E,Z), wer...

Th e persistence of endosulfan and intermediate metabolite endosulfan sulfate in the environment and their toxic eff ects on biota necessitate their removal. Th is study investigated the bioaugmentation of endosulfan-contaminated soil by fungal inoculant Aspergillus niger ARIFCC 1053. Th e infl uence of bioaugmentation by A. niger on endosulfancontaminated soil was evaluated with the help of ch...

The influence of trace metals (Cu(2+), Zn(2+), Cd(2+) and Fe(2+)) on the photodegradation of α-cypermethrin (α-CYM) in agricultural soil was studied. The soil samples were spiked with α-cypermethrin with/without the presence of metal ions, irradiated under a UV irradiation chamber for a regular period of time and analyzed by using HPLC. The dark control sterile and unsterile soil samples spiked...

Land degradation is one of the severe environmental problems in China. In order to combat land degradation, a soil conservation program was introduced since 2000 to reduce soil erosion by converting slope-cultivated land into forestry and pasture. This paper represents the first systematic attempt to investigate the impact of the soil conservation program on land degradation in the loess platea...

Recent studies have observed enhanced degradation of methyl isothiocyanate (MITC) from repeated fumigation in agricultural soils. Little is known about fumigant degradation in forest and nursery soils. This study was conducted to determine degradation rates of MITC and chloropicrin (CP) in two forest soils and the impacts of nursery management on degradation of MITC and CP. The half-life values...

India has one of the largest assemblages of tropical biodiversity, with its unique floristic composition of endemic species. However, current forest cover assessment is performed via satellite-based forest surveys, which have many limitations. The present study, which was performed in the Eastern Ghats, analysed the satellite-based inventory provided by forest surveys and inferred from the resu...

Combining several soil fumigants to increase the broad spectrum of pest control is a common fumigation practice in current production agriculture. In this study, we investigated the effect of combined application of chloropicrin and methyl isothiocyanate (MITC) on their transformations and persistence in the environment. In aqueous solution, no direct reaction between MITC and chloropicrin occu...

Bioaugmentation, or the inoculation of microorganisms (e.g., bacteria harboring the required catabolic genes) into soil to enhance the rate of contaminant degradation, has great potential for the bioremediation of soils contaminated with organic compounds. Regrettably, cell bioaugmentation frequently turns into an unsuccessful initiative, owing to the rapid decrease of bacterial viability and a...