in this study, liquid-liquid extraction process in a kuhni extraction column was modeled and simulated. a non-equilibrium dynamic model was developed for modeling liquid-liquid extraction processes based on a rate-based model. the model equations are inclusive of partial and ordinary differential equations which were discretized in column height direction. the population balance model was used ...

We present an overview of recent advances in the understanding of foam structure and energy and their dependence on liquid volume fraction. We consider liquid foams in equilibrium for which the relevant energy is surface energy. Measurements of osmotic pressure can be used to determine this as a function of liquid fraction in good agreement with results from computer simulations. This approach ...

I speculate about the ingredients needed for a theory of the liquid+glass transition. Experimental phenomenology suggests that there is an underlying equilibrium thermodynamic transition. Because of a breakdown of hyperscaling, the free-energy barriers to relaxation diverge at the critical point leading to a Vogel-Fulcher-like divergence of the characteristic relaxation times. The glass is thus...

Progress in development of thermodynamically based models of straint on the thermal state of the Earth’s upper mantle (e.g. Klein & Langmuir, 1987; McKenzie & Bickle, 1988; silicate equilibria with explicit entropy budgets has motivated a reexamination of the conclusion of McKenzie that isentropic upwelAsimow et al., 2001). Meaningful interpretation of these data, however, requires a thorough u...

The spreading of a liquid droplet on a smooth solid surface in the partially wetting regime is studied using a diffuse-interface model, based on the Cahn-Hilliard theory. Following Jacqmin (2000) the model is extended to include non-90 • contact angles. The diffuse-interface model applied considers the ambient fluid displaced by the droplet while spreading as a liquid. The governing equations o...

The primary factors that effect solid state diffusion during solidification are described and binary solute redistribution equations that permit estimation of the significance of solid state diffusion are discussed. Model calculations suggest that solid state diffusion of substitutional alloying elements in FCC alloys is insignificant under most processing conditions, while that of interstitial...

Accurate vapor-liquid equilibrium data have been obtained for ethyl acetate + 2-propanol and ethyl acetate + ethanol mixtures at 84.8 kPa, and the results are discussed thermodynamically. The vapor-liquid equilibrium data are correlated with redlich-Kister, Margules, Van-Laar and Ortega, equations the parameters and standard deviation of which are calculated and reported. The best correlati...

We have looked for dc mass transport through solid 4He in a simple experiment with two communicating vessels filled with solid 4He in equilibrium with liquid 4He. Through good quality crystals, we have observed no mass transport, in contradiction with the hypothesis of a Bose–Einstein condensation of vacancies. Through crystals containing grain boundaries, we have found superfluid flow along th...

We present a thermodynamically consistent mesoscopic model of protein adsorption at liquid-solid interfaces. First describing the equilibrium state under varying protein concentration of the solution and binding conditions, we predict a non-trivial (nonmonotonic) dependence of the experimentally observable properties of the adsorbed layer (such as the surface density and surface coverage) on th...