Au/CeO₂ solids were prepared by two methods: deposition-precipitation (DP) and impregnation (Imp). The prepared solids were calcined under air at 400°C. Both types of catalysts have been tested in the total oxidation of propylene, toluene, carbon monoxide, and carbon black. Au/CeO₂-DP solids were the most reactive owing to the high number of gold nanoparticles and Au⁺ species and the low concen...

soy protein concentrate (spc) is a functional and nutritional product which is produced under conditions where soy proteins are immobilized in soy flour and soluble carbohydrates are removed. in this study, four different soy flours including defatted soy flour (fat content 3.67, pdi 55.10), defatted and toasted soy flour (fat content 3.78, pdi 10.72), low fat soy flour (fat content 14.34, pdi ...

Arabica and Robusta coffee beans were roasted at 220 ± 10°C for 7, 9 and 11 min to identify chemical descriptors in the beverages. The pH of the beverages showed the lowest value in the medium roasting level. In each degree of browning, the soluble solids content remained slightly higher in Arabica drinks. The contents of caffeine did not vary, but trigonelline decreased with burning up intensi...

Palm sap tapped from three varieties of date palm Phoenix dactylifera was analyzed during two tapping periods: winter and springtime. These samples were collected once-a-week during 14 weeks for each tapping period. Total soluble solids decreased during tapping period; however no significant variation was noted for pH and titrable acidity. The microbial count indicated that after an initial hig...

Canopy shading is a widely used viticultural strategy for mitigating early grape berry ripening caused by global warming. In this study, we covered half of the canopy with black shade cloth from pea-size stage to harvest. fruit zone, treatment (ST) reduced daily average solar radiation about 74.6 % compared untreated control (UC), and significantly temperature. ST leaves were found have lower n...

Permittivities from 10 to 4500 MHz at 24◦C were measured on pulp and juice of watermelons of different maturities with an open-ended coaxial-line probe and network analyzer. The dielectric constant of both materials decreased monotonically with increasing frequency and loss factor had a minimum at about 1000 MHz. Moreover, the pulp and juice had very similar loss factor values at each frequency...

Uninformative biological variability elimination methods were studied in the near-infrared calibration model for predicting the soluble solids content of apples. Four different preprocessing methods, namely, Savitzky-Golay smoothing, multiplicative scatter correction, standard normal variate, and mean normalization, as well as their combinations were conducted on raw Fourier transform near-infr...

Fuel ethanol can be produced from pretreated spruce wood through enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. Processed spruce wood samples (acid-catalyzed steam hydrolysis followed by enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation) were fractionated into water-soluble products and residual solids. The dioxane/water soluble portions of the solids were fractionated by liquid-liquid extraction. A substantial po...