The objective of this study was to determine seroprevalence of small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV), Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis infections among dairy goats in South Backa and Srem region in Vojvodina Province. The other aim was to determine the risk factors associated with SRLV infection in investigated herds. A total of 971 serum samples were collected from 8 comercial dairy goat he...

A surveillance program in which all cattle herds in Denmark are classified into Salmonella infection categories has been in place since 2002. Dairy herds were considered test negative and thus most likely free of infection if Salmonella antibody measurements were consistently low in bulk tank milk samples collected every 3 mo. Herds were considered test positive and thus most likely infected if...

Managers of high producing dairy herds have known for some time that optimizing reproductive efficiency is an essential issue in maintaining profitability of a dairy herd. A recent survey by the University of Wisconsin Center for Dairy Profitability asked a random sample of 2,700 dairy producers in Wisconsin to rank the importance of different dairy issues to the future profitability of their b...

BACKGROUND Treatment of subclinical mastitis during lactation can have both direct (individual animal level) and indirect (population level) effects. With a few exceptions, prior research has focused on evaluating the direct effects of mastitis treatment, and to date no controlled field trials have been conducted to test whether beneficial indirect effects of lactation treatment strategies targ...

Enzootic bovine leukosis is a contagious disease of cattle caused by the retrovirus, bovine leukemia virus (BLV) and is the most common cause of malignant neoplasm in cattle. In order to facilitate surveillance of this disease in dairy herds, we developed a method to combine ELISA of milk collected during routine production testing with a prescribed sampling of cows that is independent of the p...

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) in Khorasan Razavi and Khorasan Shomali provinces which are the main provinces located in the northeast of Iran. Total number of 429 blood samples were collected from industrial dairy herds. The samples were categorized based on province, age (2-3, 4-6, and 7-10 years old), calving (≤ 2, 3-5, and > 5) and h...

The objective of this review is to describe recent research findings related to the use of milk or blood urea nitrogen to identify inefficiencies in protein nutrition and estimate nitrogen excretion. A mathematical model was developed to integrate milk urea nitrogen (MUN) and milk composition to predict urinary and fecal excretion, intake, and utilization efficiency for nitrogen in lactating da...

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common causes of mastitis in US dairy herds. It is a major source of expense and lost revenues on many dairies. Therefore, the mastitis control program on every dairy must include measures designed to limit the degree and spread of Staph aureus infections. As herds grow larger, it becomes even more critical that these control programs are designed carefu...

A cross-sectional study was carried out in spring 2007, at the end of the first bluetongue outbreak season, to determine the geographical spread of bluetongue virus serotype 8 (btv-8) infection in cattle in the Netherlands and the consequences for some production parameters. Blood samples from cattle submitted to the laboratory of the Dutch Animal Health Service for other voluntary and obligato...

Results: Larger herd size was associated with an increased risk, and isolation of purchased gilts with a decreased risk, of both PRRS virus infection and clinical PRRS. Purchase of semen for AI was associated with an increased risk of PRRS virus infection. Implications: Swine producers should certify that purchased semen is free of PRRS virus, gilts should be isolated prior to introduction to t...