Infrared (IR) spectromicroscopy, or chemical imaging, is an evolving technique that is poised to make significant contributions in the fields of biology and medicine. Recent developments in sources, detectors, measurement techniques and speciman holders have now made diffraction-limited Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) imaging of cellular chemistry in living cells a reality. The availability o...

Characterising the input-output photon-number distribution of an unknown optical quantum channel is important task for many applications in information processing. Ideally, this would require deterministic sources and photon-number-resolving detectors, but these technologies are still work-in-progress. In work, we propose a general method to rigorously bound photon number using standard devices...

The hunt for cosmic neutrinos has effectively just started. Recently, large detectors have been completed and are running, such as IceCube at the South Pole and ANTARES in the Mediterranean sea. Such detectors begin to access the region where neutrino fluxes at energies above 100 GeV are expected from shock and jet acceleration processes in the universe. The expectation for these fluxes comes f...

A new generation of ground-based interferometric detectors for gravitational waves is currently under construction or has entered the commissioning phase (LIGO, VIRGO, GEO600, TAMA). The purpose of these detectors is to observe gravitational waves from astrophysical sources and help improve our understanding of the source origin and physical properties. In this paper we study the most promising...

In this paper we propose a classification-based automated surveillance system for multiple-instance object retrieval task, and its main purpose, to track of a list of persons in several video sources, using only few training frames. We discuss the perspective of designing appropriate motion detectors, feature extraction and classification techniques that would enable to attain high categorizati...

Diffuse optical tomography has shown promising results as a tool for breast cancer screening and monitoring response to chemotherapy. Dynamic imaging of the transient response of the breast to an external stimulus, such as pressure or a respiratory maneuver, can provide additional information that can be used to detect tumors. We present a new digital continuous-wave optical tomography system d...

We use a self-consistent Monte Carlo treatment of stellar dynamics to investigate black hole binaries that are dynamically ejected from globular clusters in order to determine if they will be gravitational wave sources. We find that many of the ejected binaries initially have short periods and will merge within a Hubble time due to gravitational wave radiation. Thus they are potential sources f...

The properties of the first generation of black-hole seeds trace and distinguish different models of formation of cosmic structures in the high-redshift universe. The observational challenge lies in identifying black holes in the mass range ∼ 100 − 1000M⊙ at redshift z ∼ 10. Here we show that future groundbased laser interferometers could observe gravitational waves produced by the coalescence ...

Solar absorptances are often derived from the reflectance values measured with devices which make use of integrating spheres. Instruments of this type can be operated in two different ways, according to whether spectral or integrated reflectances are measured. Though solar absorptances derived from spectral data are inherently more accurate, some commercially available reflectometers are found ...