The pituitary gland of Notopterus notopterus (Pallas, 1769) was situated in a shallow pit at the floor of the skull and attached to the infundibulum. On the basis of tinctorial properties the cell types of pituitary were indentified which were distributed in the rostral pars distalis (RPD) proximal pars distalis (PPD) and pars intermedia (PI) in different proportions. The three zones were inner...

Most of our 10 countries are members of the World Trade Organization (WTO), but some of them are still observers and there is one that is not yet involved in any capacity. The three main players that are members of the WTO and that are at the forefront of the issues of health and trade in the Region happen to be Indonesia, Thailand, and India. They have certain things in common in the health an...

BACKGROUND The general practice fundholding scheme is now at the forefront of the National Health Service (NHS) reforms and should lead to the more efficient use of services by making general practitioners more aware of the financial consequences of their clinical decisions. However, there is a concern that adverse effects may also occur. AIM To monitor the changes occurring in a sample of fu...

What are the problems?  Current food systems in the South-East Asian region are unsustainable in the context of both supply and demand of food.  The ‘double burden of disease’, where undernutrition and obesity coexist side-by-side, is a severe challenge in South-East Asia.  The proportion of underweight children in South-East Asia is 19 per cent, the third largest share after South Asia and ...

The pseudoautosomal region (PAR) is a unique segment of sequence homology between differentiated sex chromosomes where recombination occurs during meiosis. Molecular and functional properties of the PAR are distinctive from the autosomes and the remaining regions of the sex chromosomes. These include a higher rate of recombination than genome average, bias towards GC-substitutions and increased...

Current models of basal ganglia circuitry primarily associate the ventral thalamic nuclei with relaying basal ganglia output to the frontal cortex. However, some studies have demonstrated projections from the ventral anterior (VA) and ventral lateral (VL) thalamic nuclei to the striatum, suggesting that these nuclei directly modulate the striatum. VA/VL nuclei have specific connections with pri...

In this study, we examined the topography of projections from facial afferents to the trigeminal brainstem nuclear complex (TBNC) in naked mole-rats using the neuronal tracer CTB-HRP. Tracer injections were made in a ventral to dorsal sequence that included the tooth pulp and dental ligament, ventral buccal pad, vibrissae, and the forehead. Labeled terminals were identified throughout the rostr...

The recombining regions of sex chromosomes (pseudoautosomal regions, PARs) are predicted to exhibit unusual features due to their being genetically linked to the nonrecombining, sex-determining region. This phenomenon is expected to occur in both diploid (XY, ZW) and haploid (UV) sexual systems, with slightly different consequences for UV sexual systems because of the absence of masking during ...