The effects of birth weight (BW) and maternal education (ME) on special education placement at age 10 were studied. Epidemiologic methods quantified risk to the individual and to the population using an electronically linked, county-wide database of birth and school records. A dose-response relationship was found between BW and ME. High ME may serve as a buffer for children with a biological ri...

This article first outlines the underlying logic of null hypothesis testing and the philosophical and practical problems associated with using it to evaluate special education research. The article then presents 3 alternative metrics—a binomial effect size display, a relative risk ratio, and an odds ratio—that can better aid researchers and practitioners in identifying important treatment effec...

This paper provides a brief background of the education system in Saudi Arabia and current special education services and programs for students with disabilities. Additionally, this paper presents the findings of some studies that examined teachers' perspectives regarding the inclusion of students with disabilities. As Saudi Arabia continues its dramatic period of improvement, changes in specia...

Discursive practices enacted by educators in kindergarten create a blueprint for how the educational trajectories of students with disabilities are constructed. This two-year ethnographic case study critically examines educators’ relationships with students considered to present challenging behaviors in one kindergarten classroom located in a predominantly White middle class school district in ...

This study examined the unique contribution of computer-based instruction compared with more conventional modes of instruction (i.e., teacher instruction with textbooks) to early reading skills acquisition, as well as the effects of specific features of computer technology on early reading skills performance. Forty-six pre-school children (aged 5-6), at high risk for learning disabilities, part...

It is important to understand special education and the services being offered to individuals who are deaf in light of research conducted in Pakistan. A brief historical background of special education as well as the educational setting, curriculum and instructional approaches used for deaf students are explained. Moreover, the perception of Pakistani society about deaf people and their social ...

Exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a recognized occupational hazard to healthcare personnel. The virus also presents an operational hazard to deployed Special Operations Forces (SOF) personnel. Management guidelines for work related exposure to HIV mainly deal with healthcare workers in a first world hospital environment. Formal guidelines for postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) regar...

According to biological strategy for pest control, we investigate the dynamic behavior of a pest management SEI model with nonlinear incidence concerning impulsive strategyperiodic releasing infected pests at fixed times. We prove that all solutions of the system are uniformly ultimately bounded and there exists a globally asymptotically attractive pest-eradication periodic solution when the im...

Abstraet--A model for computer assisted mediation and its application to the field of special education for blind children is presented. The model consists of five elements: the domain model, the student model, the pedagogical model, and the dynamic and static projection of learning. The system, based on stored expert knowledge, guides the child in what he or she is able to do and able to learn...

Polysemy is pervasive in natural languages, and affects both content and function words. While deciding which sense is intended on a given occasion of use rarely seems to cause any difficulty for speakers of a language, polysemy has proved notoriously difficult to treat both theoretically and empirically. Some of the questions that have occupied linguists, philosophers and psychologists interes...