The stability of aqueous protein solutions is strongly affected by multivalent ions, which induce ion-ion correlations beyond the scope of classical mean-field theory. Using all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) and coarse grained Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, we investigate the interaction between a pair of protein molecules in 3:1 electrolyte solution. In agreement with available experimental find...

By treating both the short-range (solvation) and long-range (image force) electrostatic forces as well as charge polarization induced by these forces in a consistent manner, we obtain a simple theory for the self-energy of an ion that is continuous across the interface. Along with nonelectrostatic contributions, our theory enables a unified description of ions on both sides of the interface. Us...

Hofmeister series reversal can occur with change in pH, or increase in salt concentration. The phenomena are a challenge for any theory of ion specific effects. Recent theoretical work predicts how a complex interplay between ionic sizes, hydration and dispersion forces explains Hofmeister series reversal. Electrophoretic mobility measurements on lysozyme suspensions reported here are consisten...

Electrophoresis of ribosomal RNA in polyacrylamide-agrose composite gels separates 16S and 23S species into multiple bands. These bands of RNA represent multiple conformational forms of the molecules as judged by oligonucleotide analysis of the 16S RNA. Gel elctrophoresis was used to test for cation-specific conformational changes in ribosomal RNA. Relative to magnesium-equilibrated RNA, barium...

social interaction requires the ability to understand people’s mental states (their intentions, desires and believes). the ability for attributing mental states is called “theory of mind.” theory of mind leads the person to explain and predict behavior. researchers showed a great interest in the relation of language and mind/language and thought. some researchers focused on methodological conce...

A quantitative description of specific ion effects is an essential and focused topic in colloidal and biological science. In this work, the dynamic light scattering technique was employed to study the aggregation kinetics of colloidal particles in the various alkali ion solutions with a wide range of concentrations. It indicated that the activation energies could be used to quantitatively chara...

ion Based Information Technology is a way of understanding knowledge, interaction and control in many different domains. It explicitly covers humanities in this sense whereas the approaches mentioned above remained much more on a purely mathematical and/or computational side for better control and easier modeling. The concept “ABIT” (Abstraction Based Information Technology) proposed in (Calmet...

An exact solution of the two center time-dependent Dirac equation for pair production induced by ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions is presented. Cross sections to specific final states approach those of perturbation theory. Multiplicity rates are reduced from perturbation theory. PACS: 25.75.-q, 34.90.+q

We consider a system composed of a trapped atom and a trapped ion. The ion charge induces in the atom an electric dipole moment, which attracts it with an r−4 dependence at large distances. In the regime considered here, the characteristic range of the atom-ion interaction is comparable or larger than the characteristic size of the trapping potential, which excludes the application of the conta...