articles in general and definite articles in particular can create problems even long after all other aspects of english have been mastered. the present article investigated the learnability problems related to the acquisition of count-mass distinction of english nominals by persian l2 learners. the theoretical underpinning of the study is the interpretability hypothesis (tsimpli & dimitrak...

objective: in sever oligospermia; one of the paths used for surgical sperm retrieval (ssr) is to extract sperm via a testicular biopsy. the aim of our study is to determine the reliable time interval between testicular biopsy and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (icsi) procedure in order to obtain optimumsperm parameters (count, motility and normal morphology). materials and methods: this cohor...

the objective of the present study was to examine the effects of chilling period on semen quality of sannan and jamunapari. semen of goat breeds were collected with artificial vagina and chilled at 5-9˚c. volume, colour and ph were determined on fresh semen. after dilution, microscopic examination was performed for the progressive motility and sperm viability. diluted semen of both breed was co...

OBJECTIVE To study the impact of sperm swim up technique of seminal processing for the purpose of intrauterine insemination (IUI) in couples presenting with subfertility. METHODS Hundred and twenty-one couples presenting with subfertility underwent 281 cycles of IUI in Combined Military Hospital Kharian, Lahore and PNS SHIFA Karachi from June 2002 to March 2005. Men had prior semen analysis t...

Background and Aims: Cola acuminata pod extract (CAPE) is used in Nigerian traditional medicine to treat low sperm count in males. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the effects of CAPE on the reproductive system of male albino rats. Materials and Methods: Preliminary acute toxicity testing, phytochemical screening, proximate analysis, and determination of vitamin E concentration were perf...

Background: Spermatozoa are germ cells that have a pivotal role at fertilisation. Infertility is a problem with a large magnitude. Sperm damages are one of the factors that cause infertility. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) like hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion (O2−U) or molecules and/or hydroxyl radical (UOH) affect both male and female gametes. Cyclosporine A (CsA), a neutral lipophil...

Background: Spermatogenesis is the major factor of male fertility which is pendent on hormones specially testostrone. Testostrone signalling leads to activation of some kinases which are required for progression and maintaining of spermatogenesis. On the other hand, oxidative stress, as the most prevalent factor, influences on fertility. Also, it was shown that chronic oxidative stress in rat t...

The role of estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) and estrogen receptor beta (ER beta) gene polymorphisms on semen quality is the aim of our study. One hundred fourteen men were examined in the In Vitro Fertilization Unit of Ioannina Medical School, and it was found that 85 men had normal sperm count and 29 were oligozoospermic. The genotype analysis, on DNA extracted from spermatozoa, revealed th...