The calcium ferrite nano-particles (CaFe2O4 NPs) were synthesized using a sol-gel method for targeted drug delivery application. The proposed nano-particles were initially prepared by mixing calcium and iron nitrates that were added with citric acid in order to prevent agglomeration and subsequently calcined at a temperature of 550°C to obtain small particle size. The prepared nanoparticles wer...

the purpose of this study was to produce oil in water nano-emulsion by ultrasonication, and investigate the influence of inulin and β-cyclodextrin on the prosperities of nano-emulsion and morphology of spray dried microcapsules. the results showed that emulsion droplet size in samples containing β-cyclodextrin (8.28±0.11 nm) was less than inulin samples (97.12±4.2 nm). considering sem photos, β...

Following on from the work of Goldstein and Gronberg, it is argued that under certain conditions, internal economies of scope form the bases for two types of agglomeration economy. These differ from two more familiar types, which are based on internal and external economies of scale. A further two types of agglomeration economy are shown to derive from different forms of external economy. The c...

Purpose: This study determined total surface energy distributions using an Inverse Gas Chromatography (IGC) to understand the de-agglomeration of fine lactose powders commonly used in dry powder inhaler formulations. Methods: The particle size distribution (PSD) of two lactose samples, Lactohale 300 (Lac A) and micronized lactose (Lac B), were determined by laser diffraction in liquid media, an...

Transport investments can induce positive productivity benefits via agglomeration economies by increasing the scale and efficiency of spatial economic interactions. In assessing the ‘agglomeration benefits’ of transport investments we need to understand the spatial scale over which these externalities are distributed. This report is concerned with the effect of urban agglomeration on productivi...

Many industries are geographically concentrated. Many mechanisms that could account for such agglomeration have been proposed. We note that these theories make different predictions about which pairs of industries should be coagglomerated. We discuss the measurement of coagglomeration and use data from the Census Bureau’s Longitudinal Research Database from 1972 to 1997 to compute pairwise coag...

Particle agglomeration plays a major role in the mechanism of gas hydrate accumulation and pipeline plugging. Gas hydrates are solid inclusion compounds composed natural trapped three-dimensional water lattice that can form petroleum flow lines impede fluid transfer. Agglomeration mechanics complex yet essential to creating reliable accurate rheological models for optimizing operations, which s...

Thanks to their outstanding advantages, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) have recognized in various fields these days. One way to discover extra useful products against typical bacteria (e.g., Staphylococcus epidermidis) is NLCs loaded with essential oils. This paper aims to provide NLCs to encapsulate MA oil and characterize and survey the obtained MA...

Light scattered from spherical bubbles in water manifests an enhancement in the backward direction analogous to the well-known optical glory of a drop. Unlike the glory for water drops, in which the rays travel partially on the drop's surface, the glory for bubbles is due to rays that are refracted and multiply reflected within the scatterer and is an example of a transmitted wave glory. Photog...