BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES American Osteopathic Association (AOA) accreditation of Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) family medicine residency programs began in the early 1990s to increase the number of Osteopathic Graduate Medical Education (OGME) training positions in family medicine. Despite the rapid expansion of family medicine residencies accredited by both the A...

The World Wide Web has transformed the way in which media companies, sport organisations, and consumers interact. For example, the traditional mediated sport product was once confined within the boundaries of programming, formatting, audience interest, and contractual agreements (Mahan & McDaniel, 2006). Historically communication was typically one-way, disconnecting the consumer from the sport...

BACKGROUND The ACTN3 gene may influence performance in team sports, in which sprint action and high-speed movements, regulated by the anaerobic energy system, are crucial to the ultimate success of a match. The aim of this study was to determine the association between the ACTN3 R577X (rs1815739) polymorphism and elite team sport athletic status in Italian male athletes. METHODS We compared t...

Both the lofty aims of the Olympic movement and the tangible aim ofwinning Olympic Gold medals means that the BOA has become involved more broadly in the provision and development of sports science and medicine in Great Britain. We have a responsibility to all individuals who take part in any Olympic sport, especially the juniors who so often fail to make that difficult leap to successful senio...

the aim of this study was to identify motivational and personality factors and to assess membership in volunteering and socialization factors in sport volunteers. this study was of a descriptive field nature. the population consisted of 260 sport volunteers in sport association of fars province. 74 subjects were selected as the sample by cluster sampling. questionnaire of motivation of voluntee...

Over the last 10 years, the influence of the dog–owner relationship on dog behaviour has received growing attention, unlike the working dog handler’s relationship. Using a questionnaire addressed to the 430 dog handlers of the Belgian army in 2001 (303 respondents), this study investigated the association between the time spent by handlers with their military dog (MD) and some behaviours of the...

Unlike UML and some ER versions, ORM currently allows a fact type to be objectified only if it either has a spanning uniqueness constraint or is a 1:1 binary fact type. This article argues that this restriction should be relaxed, and replaced by a modeling guideline that allows some n-ary associations to be objectified even if their longest uniqueness constraint spans n-1 roles. The pros and co...

Communities of plants, biological soil crusts (BSCs), and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are known to influence soil stability individually, but their relative contributions, interactions, and combined effects are not well understood, particularly in arid and semiarid ecosystems. In a landscape-scale field study we quantified plant, BSC, and AM fungal communities at 216 locations along a gra...

In January 1991, the European Space Agency commissioned a study into the practicality of using process-based scheduling techniques in an on-board application environment, with Ada as the implementation language. This short paper summarises the results of that study.

Given the increased social and strategic value of corporate philanthropy (CP) in businesses, a growing number corporations have established associated foundations to institutionalize formalize their CP. Notably, CP has been channeled through team charitable professional sport, which are closely tied parent teams while having own (quasi) independent governance structure. However, these received ...