BACKGROUND The influence of superficial precooling on range of motion (ROM) as part of a stretching program has not been extensively studied. It is not clear if the analgesic effect can benefit a stretching program. HYPOTHESES Superficial precooling will result in greater gains in ROM as part of a stretching program, compared with stretching without a precooling intervention. Superficial prec...

Static stretching, consisting of holding muscles at lengthened positions for typically 15-45 seconds, has been recommended before participating in physical activity. Gymnasts historically have performed static stretches, such as splits, during the warmup portion of training. Recently however, data has been presented from studies on adults which have shown that static stretching immediately prio...

The pointfree transform offers to the predicate calculus what the Laplace transform offers to the differential/integral calculus: the possibility of changing the underlying mathematical space so as to enable agile algebraic calculation. This paper addresses the foundations of the transform and its application to a calculational approach to extended static checking (ESC) in the context of abstra...

We describe a method for finding security flaws in source code by way of static analysis. The method is notable because it allows a user to specify a wide range of security properties while also leveraging a set of predefined common flaws. It works by using an automated theorem prover to analyze verification conditions generated from C source code and a set of specifications that define securit...

Control Flow Errors have been widely addressed in literature as a possible threat to the dependability of computer systems, and many clever techniques have been proposed to detect and tolerate them. Nevertheless, it has never been discussed i f the overheads introduced by many of these techniques ore justified by a reasonable probabilip of incurring Control Flow Errors. This paper presents a st...

Purpose: In approaching full trunk flexion (75%-80% of full flexion), myoelectric activity of lumbar erector spinae muscles is reduced or silenced; this response is known as flexion-relaxation phenomenon (FRP). FRP is a shift in load sharing and spinal stabilization from active structures (erector spinae muscles) to passive ligamentous and articular structures. Static lumbar flexi...

Dedicated to Peter Andrews on the occasion of his 70 th birthday.

interpretation: computing on properties readInt(x) if x>0 : x:= pred(x) x:= succ(x) writeInt(x) Q: Is output pos? A: abstractly interpret domain Int by Sign = {neg, zero, pos, any}: readSign(x) if isPos(x): x:= pred(x) x:= succ(x) writeSign(x) where succ(pos) = pos succ(zero) = pos succ(neg) = any succ(any) = any and pred(neg) = neg pred(zero) = neg pred(pos) = any pred(any) = any To answer the...

In the current study, multiple static-simultaneous visualizations were combined with motion-indicating arrows and were compared either to multiple static-simultaneous visualizations without arrows, which proved to be effective in former studies concerning static visualizations, or to a single static visualization enriched with motion-indicating arrows. Seventy-one students were randomly assigne...