Recent studies have shown that neurogenesis is enhanced after hypoxia and that erythropoietin (EPO), an inducible cytokine, is produced in the brain as part of the intrinsic hypoxia response. Thus, we asked whether EPO might regulate neurogenesis by forebrain neural stem cells (NSCs). We found that EPO receptors are expressed in the embryonic germinal zone during neurogenesis as well as in the ...

Pain and lifestyle changes are common consequences of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) affect a large part the aging population. The stemness cells is exploited in field regenerative medicine as key to treat degenerative diseases. Transplanted however often face delivery survival challenges, especially tissues with naturally harsh microniche environment such disc. Recent interest secreto...

The lateral walls of the forebrain lateral ventricles are the richest source of stem cells in the adult mammalian brain. These stem cells give rise to new olfactory neurons that are renewed throughout life. The neurons originate in the subventricular zone (SVZ), migrate within the rostral extension (RE) of the SVZ along the rostral migratory stream (RMS) within tube-like structures formed of gl...

Neural stem and progenitor cells are located in the subependyma of the adult forebrain. An increase in adult subependymal cell proliferation is reported after various kinds of brain injury. We demonstrate an expansion of neural precursor cells in the postnatal subependyma in a murine genetic disease model of Huntington's disease (HD), the R6/2 mouse. We used the in vitro neurosphere assay as an...

The cytokines that signal through the common receptor subunit gp130, including ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), interleukin-6, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and oncostatin M, have pleiotropic functions in CNS development. Given the restricted expression domain of the CNTF receptor alpha (CNTFR) in the developing forebrain germinal zone and adult forebrain periventricular area, we have exa...

Cultivar of roses (Rosa spp.) has been grown in greenhouses in Qazvin region of Iran for local markets. Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains were isolated and identified from six different samples of roses plants imported from the Netherland to Iran. During August and September of 2012, nearly 2-5% of rose plants in two different greenhouses in the province of Qazvin were observed with crown gall ...

Cell lineages generated during development and tissue maintenance are derived from self-renewing stem cells by differentiation of their committed progeny. Recent studies suggest that epigenetic mechanisms, and in particular the Polycomb group (PcG) of genes, play important roles in controlling stem cell self-renewal. Here, we address PcG regulation of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation ...

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from adult tissues are an important candidate for cell-based therapies and regenerative medicine due to their multipotential differentiation capability. MSCs have been identified in many adult tissues but have not reported in the human intervertebral disc cartilage endplate (CEP). The initial purpose of this study was to determine whether MSCs exist in the ...

even though intervertebral disc degeneration can be found in the natural course of alkaptonuria, detection of the disease by black disc color change in a patient without any other presentation of alkaptonuria is an exceptionally rare condition. we have reported a very rare case of alkaptonuria presented with low back pain and steppage gait in a 51-year-old male with a complaint of chronic low-b...