Although force fluctuations during a steady contraction are often heightened in old adults compared with young adults and are enhanced in young adults during the stress response, the mechanisms underlying the augmentation are uncertain. The purpose of the study was to compare the effect of a stressor on the plasma concentrations of selected stress hormones and on the force fluctuations experien...

A better understanding of relationships between human activities and water chemistry is needed to identify and manage sources of anthropogenic stress in Great Lakes coastal wetlands. The objective of the study described in this article was to characterize relationships between water chemistry and multiple classes of human activity (agriculture, population and development, point source pollution...

This paper presents three variants of Genetic Programming (GP) approaches for intelligent online performance monitoring of electronic circuits and systems. Reliability modeling of electronic circuits can be best performed by the stressor – susceptibility interaction model. A circuit or a system is considered to be failed once the stressor has exceeded the susceptibility limits. For on-line pred...

Both animals and humans show a tendency toward eating more "comfort food" (high fat, sweet food) after acute stress. Such stress eating may be contributing to the obesity epidemic, and it is important to understand the underlying psychobiological mechanisms. Prior investigations have studied what makes individuals eat more after stress; this study investigates what might make individuals eat le...

Acute stress triggers peripheral vasoconstriction, causing a rapid, short-term drop in skin temperature in homeotherms. We tested, for the first time, whether this response has the potential to quantify stress, by exhibiting proportionality with stressor intensity. We used established behavioural and hormonal markers: activity level and corticosterone level, to validate a mild and more severe f...

OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of a brief psychosocial manipulation on physiological responses to laboratory stress in lower and higher socioeconomic status (SES) adolescents. METHODS A total of 115 adolescents participated in two acute laboratory stress tasks: one with psychosocial intervention and one with no intervention. In the intervention condition, half of the adolescents were given ...

The present studies investigated whether or not optimism/pessimism is a cognitive mediator of future depression for people who have experienced many negative life events. Subjects were administered optimism scales, stress response scales at Time 1. They then completed the stressor scale and stress response scales at Time 2, about six weeks later. The results showed the interaction of stressor e...

In contrast to a general model of stress, a functional model suggests that emotions may regulate stress responses in specific adaptive ways. The current study examined whether anger and fear during a challenging stress task (Trier Social Stress Task) were differentially associated with cortisol and proinflammatory cytokine responses to an acute stressor. Baseline anger and fear were related to ...

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is a naturally occurring stressor to most forms of life. The sole relevant source of this stressor is the sun. The earth’s stratospheric ozone layer reduces the amount of UVR that reaches the earth’s surface. The potential for depletion of this ozone layer due to human activities and the subsequent increase in UVR at the earth’s surface is a global environmental conc...

Past research on personality and the occupational stressor–strain relationship has examined traits independently (nomothetic approach) rather than interactively (idiographic approach). The current research examined the combined/interactive effect of the Big Five traits in predicting stress, coping, and strain among 211 managers. Low Neuroticism with high Extraversion and high Conscientiousness ...