This review paper is based on an observation that there exists a ‘generation gap’ between the quantitative and GIS revolutions, even though paradigmatic homology of spatial science is often presumed and cross-fertilization is straightforwardly promised. It is argued that each revolution needs to be edified to establish an integrative, sustainable research framework: SDA needs to become more acc...

We present the first data on the effect of hypoxia on the specific dynamic action (SDA) in a teleost fish. Juvenile cod (Gadus morhua) were fed meals of 2.5% and 5% of their wet body mass (BM) in normoxia (19.8 kPa Po(2)) and 5% BM in hypoxia (6.3 kPa Po(2)). Reduced O(2) availability depressed the postprandial peaks of oxygen consumption, and to compensate for this, the total SDA duration last...

BACKGROUND Several nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) are US Food and Drug Administration-cleared for detecting urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) infection, but they have not been adequately evaluated for the relatively common oropharyngeal or rectal CT and GC infections in men who have sex with men (MSM). METHODS Multiple swabs were collected from the...

Abstract Symbolic data analysis (SDA) is an emerging area of statistics concerned with understanding and modelling that takes distributional form (i.e. symbols ), such as random lists, intervals histograms. It was developed under the premise statistical unit interest symbol, inference required at this level. Here we consider a different perspective, which opens new research direction in field S...

Hiking is a demanding form of exercise that may cause delayed responses of the postural muscles and a loss of somatosensory information, particularly when repeatedly performed for several days. These effects may negatively influence the postural control of hikers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a four-day hike on postural control. Twenty-six adults of both se...

We measured oxygen consumption in juvenile Chinese striped-necked turtles (Ocadia sinensis) after they ingested food, either as a single meal or as double meals, to examine the influence of meal type and feeding frequency on specific dynamic action (SDA). Temporal variation in oxygen consumption after feeding was evident in the ingesting turtles but not in the unfed control turtles. In the sing...

dynamically adaptive numerical methods have been developed to find solutions for differential equations. thesubject of wavelet has attracted the interest of many researchers, especially, in finding efficient solutions fordifferential equations. wavelets have the ability to show functions at different levels of resolution. in this paper, a numerical method is proposed for solving the second pain...

Specific dynamic action (SDA) is the postprandial increase in oxygen uptake. Whereas it is easy to measure in fishes that remain calm and motionless during the entire digestion period, spontaneous locomotor activity is a frequent problem that leads to overestimation of SDA amplitude and magnitude (area under the curve, bound by the standard metabolic rate, SMR). Few studies have attempted to re...

Researchers and analysts in modern industrial and academic environments are faced with a daunting amount of multi-dimensional data. While there has been significant development in the areas of data mining and knowledge discovery, there is still the need for improved visualizations and generic solutions. The state-of-the-art in visual analytics and exploratory data visualization is to incorporat...

Qualitative reasoning has been widely applied in the analysis of complex networks, but the loss of quantitative information easily result in reasoning conflict. In this article, we adopt a hierarchical decomposition strategy of the network, and present a general framework of qualitative graphical inference based on enhanced multi-level knowledge fusion so as to avoid reasoning conflict. The fra...