Microgrid is a new power system concept consisting of small-scale distributed energy resources; storage devices and loads. It is necessary to employ a simplified model of microgrid in the simulation of a distribution network integrating large-scale microgrids. Based on the detailed model of the components, an equivalent model of microgrid is proposed in this paper. The equivalent model comprise...

In static load tests vibrating wire strain gages are generally used. The advantage of vibrating wire sensors over more conventional electrical resistance or semi-conductor types lies mainly in the sensor output, which is a frequency rather than a voltage or resistance. The frequency output is easier to transmit over long cables and is unaffected by voltage drops such as those which can be broug...

The propagation of cracks in layered glass from low-velocity impact of sharp or spherical tip projectiles is observed using high-speed photography. Tests are also carried out to determine the threshold impact energy for chipping in glass blocks and subsurface crack instability in an edge-supported glass plates. The results identify the median and subsurface radial crack systems as the prime dam...

We present a general analytical model for determining the location and pattern of wrinkles in thin membranes and for making preliminary estimates of their wavelength and amplitude. A rectangular membrane under simple shear and a square membrane subject to corner loads are analysed. In the first problem, our model predicts the wavelength and the wrinkle amplitude to be respectively inversely pro...

Most active devices focused on vehicle stability concern on-road cars and cannot be applied satisfactorily in an off-road context, since the variability and the non-linearities of tire/ground contact are often neglected. In previous work, a rollover indicator devoted to light all-terrain vehicles accounting for these phenomena has been proposed. It is based on the prediction of the lateral load...

Different strategies of use of the polarization grids combined with two temperature loads for calibration are explored. It is shown that a system with an ambient load, a hot (100 • C or so) load, and a semi-transparent grid with 50 % transmission allows to reach a 1 % accuracy on the receiver gain even in presence of saturation. The best precision requires a device which offers the 5 major comb...

Truss structures are widely used for the support of structural loads in applications where minimum mass solutions are required. Their nodes are normally constructed to resist rotation to maximize their stiffness under load. A multi-link node concept has recently been proposed that permits independent rotation of tetrahedral trusses linked by such a joint. High authority shape morphing truss str...

In the current practices of structural design, the concept of moment redistribution in conjunction with linear analysis is well known and widely accepted. There are numerous studies and various references that deal with the issue and different codes propose various provisions for the amount of permissible redistribution. Despite numerous advantages, there are some limitations in the available w...

As the wind turbine size has been increasing and their mechanical components are built lighter, the reduction of the structural loads becomes a very important task of wind turbine control in addition to maximum wind power capture. In this paper, we present a separate set of collective and individual pitch control algorithms. Both pitch control algorithms use the LQR control technique with integ...

The objective was to analyze the influence of dentary and orthopedic forces under static and dynamic loads in temporary screw stability. Self-drilling titanium (Ti6Al4V) screws (6 × 1.5 mm) were inserted and removed from pig ribs. Screws were loaded by static loads of 2 N and 5 N for 5 weeks. Dynamic force was applied during 56,000 cycles for simulations of a patient’s opening–closing mouth mov...