BACKGROUND Pharmacists' completion of medication reconciliation in the community after hospital discharge is intended to reduce harm due to prescribed or omitted medication and increase healthcare efficiency, but the effectiveness of this approach is not clear. We systematically review the literature to evaluate intervention effectiveness in terms of discrepancy identification and resolution, c...

BACKGROUND There is growing recognition of the importance of the active involvement of consumers and community members in health care. Despite the long history of consumer and community engagement (CCE) research and practice, there is no consensus on the best strategies for CCE. In this paper, we identify various dimensions of CCE-related strategies and offer a practical model to assist policy-...

BACKGROUND The present review systematically evaluates correlates of physical activity across the socio-ecological model for people with depression. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Two independent reviewers searched Embase, PubMed, and CINAHL from their inception until May 2015, combining the medical subject heading 'depression' or 'depressive' with 'physical activity' or 'exercise'. Data were extracted...

Many studies described the frequency and risk factors of post-stroke depression/ depressive symptoms, although they often lack assessment of confounders (such as depression in the medical history, white matter lesions, atrophy) that may be related to depression, independent from the stroke. We therefore systematically reviewed available data on post-stroke depression by taking the previously me...

BACKGROUND Mild obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent disorder in adults; however, whether mild OSA has significant neurocognitive and cardiovascular complications is uncertain. OBJECTIVES The specific goals of this Research Statement are to appraise the evidence regarding whether long-term adverse neurocognitive and cardiovascular outcomes are attributable to mild OSA in adults...

OBJECTIVES To determine whether the current practice of prescribing distance running shoes featuring elevated cushioned heels and pronation control systems tailored to the individual's foot type is evidence-based. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE (1950-May 2007), CINAHL (1982-May 2007), EMBASE (1980-May 2007), PsychInfo (1806-May 2007), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2(nd) Quarter 2007), Cochra...

OBJECTIVES To critically review and summarize the literature on cough and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and to make evidence-based recommendations regarding the diagnosis and treatment of chronic cough due to GERD. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY Ovid MEDLINE literature review (through March 2004) for all studies published in the English language and selected articles published in other language...

The cholesterol-lowering effect of plant sterols was first discovered in the early 1950s. However, it is only recently that plant sterols have become clinically important, when advances in food-technology have made it possible to combine sterols with a variety of food products including margarines, yogurts, fruit juices and cereal bars. We review the clinical trial evidence of lipid-lowering ef...

This systematic review was conducted to develop a conceptual framework that addresses various factors associated with return to work among cancer survivors. Databases Medline, EMBASE, ProQuest, PubMed and ScienceDirect were systematically searched using medical subject headings [MeSH] for studies published in English from 1990 to 2013. Studies that described adult cancer patients' self-reported...

BACKGROUND Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) has become the procedure of choice for surgical treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis. Does the published literature support the claims of greater efficacy than medical treatment alone or older sinus procedures? OBJECTIVE To analyze the methodology of the published literature regarding the efficacy of ESS. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE search for pr...