Semiaquatic frogs may not breathe air for several months because they overwinter in ice-covered ponds. In contrast to many vertebrates that experience decreased motor performance after inactivity, bullfrogs, Lithobates catesbeianus, retain functional respiratory motor processes following cold-submergence. Unlike mammalian hibernators with unloaded limb muscles and inactive locomotor systems, re...

PURPOSE This case report discusses the effect of a root submergence technique on preserving the periodontal tissue at the pontic site of fixed dental prostheses in the maxillary anterior aesthetic zone. METHODS Teeth with less than ideal structural support for fixed retainer abutments were decoronated at the crestal bone level. After soft tissue closure, the final fixed dental prostheses were...

In order to make any sea level dive table usable during high altitude diving, a new conversion factor is created. We introduce the standardized equivalent sea depth (SESD), which allows conversion of the actual lake diving depth (ALDD) to an equivalent sea dive depth. SESD is defined as the sea depth in meters or feet for a standardized sea dive, equivalent to a mountain lake dive at any altitu...

In this study, the mixing phenomena and fluid dynamics in a copper converter have been experimentally investigated using a physical model. The physical model is a 1:5 horizontal tank made of Plexiglas. The mixing phenomena have been characterized by experimentally measuring the mixing time using a tracer dispersion technique. Moreover, the effects of the air flow rate and lance submergence on t...

Submergence stress can greatly limit grain yield of inbred rice (Oryza sativa L.), but the effects submergence on hybrid are unclear. A pot experiment was conducted to clarify that happens at vegetative growth stage two Chinese cultivars. The cultivars Zheyou-18, an indica-japonica hybrid, and Yliangyou-689, indica were planted under treatments, (43 cm depth tap water for about 2 wk) control (n...

Rice is a staple food and one of the most crucial crops globally, providing sustenance for more than half world's population. Climate change has impact on agricultural sector, particularly rice cultivation, due to increase in abiotic stress incidences. Salinity severe stresses production globally. Salt significantly reduces growth performance, affecting various metabolic physiological processes...