Why did some Bolivian departments have more success containing COVID-19 than others? We argue that low government legitimacy hampers coordinated responses to national crises, particularly where political polarization is severe and the crisis response becomes politicized. Low can intensify challenges of poverty poor infrastructure. An original dataset daily observations on subnational coronaviru...

We develop a model with optimal shares of intergovernmental transfers, and we apply simulation analysis our for the case Mexico. The main outcomes this paper are as follows: First, provide funds to be allocated in each state considering regional distribution benefits local public spending Second, shows that heterogeneity preferences across regions should an important determinant federal governm...

The Trump presidency generated concern about democratic backsliding and renewed interest in measuring the national performance of United States. However, US has a decentralized form federalism that administers institutions at state level. Using 51 indicators electoral democracy from 2000 to 2018, I develop measure subnational performance, State Democracy Index. then test theories expansion base...

ABSTRACT Purpose: Brazilian federalism is complex. In a country with continental dimensions, three levels of government (central, state, and local government) 5,570 municipalities, federative organization expected to be The fiscal sustainability subnational governments fundamental pillar any structure. This research aims verify whether the revenue generated sufficient pay for municipality’s exi...

BACKGROUND Globally, countries are increasingly prioritizing the reduction of health inequalities and provision of universal health coverage. While national benchmarking has become more common, such work at subnational levels is rare. The timely and rigorous measurement of local levels and trends in key health interventions and outcomes is vital to identifying areas of progress and detecting ea...

Rekabetçi otoriter rejimlerden ç?k??ta en etkili stratejilerden biri “seçim ittifaklar?d?r”. Fakat seçim ittifaklar?na göre uzun vadede sonuç al?nan bir strateji daha vard?r, o da ulusalt? siyaseti demokratikle?tirmektir. Buna muhalefet seçimlerde elde etti?i yönetsel birimi (eyalet veya belediye) demokratikle?tirir ve de buralarda ba?ar?l? performans sergilerse bu ba?ar? çevre birimlere yay?lm...

Despite decades of advocacy among Thai governmental and nongovernmental actors to remove abortion from the country's 1957 Criminal Code, this medically necessary service remains significantly legally restricted. In 2005, in the most recent regulatory reform to date, the Thai Medical Council established regulatory measures to allow a degree of physician interpretation within the confines of the ...

One of the most crucial challenges to Nigeria’s ailing fiscal federalism is the inability of states to raise, retain and manage revenue. Revenue bases at both national and sub national levels are small, volatile and monolithic. But it seems Nigeria suffers the most at its subnational levels. Sub national governments in the country perennially complain of lean resource base relative to their hug...

Intergovernmental transfers from the central level are an important source of revenue for most subnational governments in developing countries. This importance is likely to grow even further taking into account the ongoing decentralization initiatives in Latin America and elsewhere. This paper investigates in a series of regressions whether the transfer mechanisms in place in Ar-

In 2012, the World Health Assembly of the World Health Organization (WHO) declared completion of polio eradication a programmatic emergency. Polio cases are detected through surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases and subsequent testing of stool specimens for polioviruses (PVs) at WHO-accredited laboratories within the Global Polio Laboratory Network (GPLN). AFP surveillance is supp...