This paper presents results of investigation of scaling of calcium sulfate (CaSO4) on metallic pipes. In this study, the optimizing variables; namely temperature (50-600C), concentration of Ca2+ (2000-3000 ppm), citric acid concentration (10-20 ppm) were set-up to provide the optimum yield of the mass scales. The mineral scale detected using XRD is mainly gypsum, and the scale has a plate like ...

The ability of sulfate aerosols to reflect solar radiation and simultaneously act as cloud condensation nuclei renders them central players in the global climate system. The oxidation of S(IV) compounds and their transport as stable S(VI) in the Earth's system are intricately linked to planetary scale processes, and precise characterization of the overall process requires a detailed understandi...

A two-stage passive treatment approach was assessed at a bench-scale level using two Colorado Mining Influenced Waters (MIWs). The first-stage was a limestone drain with the purpose of removing iron and aluminum and mitigating the potential effects of mineral acidity. The second stage was a sulfate reducing bioreactor composed solely of 50% corn stover and 50% walnut shells by volume. The prima...

BACKGROUND The most commonly used medications for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are the psychostimulants. There is, however, considerable awareness in alternative, nonstimulant therapies, because some patients respond poorly to stimulants or are unable to tolerate them. Some studies suggest that deficiency of zinc play a substantial role in the aetiopathogenesis of ADHD. There...

As an N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist, magnesium sulfate has analgesic properties and reduces noxious input during surgery. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of preemptive intravenous low-dose magnesium sulfate on early postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. In this prospective, randomized study, 60 ASA I-II patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectom...

Lake Towuti is a tectonic basin, surrounded by ultramafic rocks. Lateritic soils form through weathering and deliver abundant iron (oxy)hydroxides but very little sulfate to the lake and its sediment. To characterize the sediment biogeochemistry, we collected cores at three sites with increasing water depth and decreasing bottom water oxygen concentrations. Microbial cell densities were highest...

The treatment of spent oil-in-water emulsion (SOWE) from a non-ferrous metal-processing plant by using aluminum sulfate and hydrated lime was studied in order to determine the purification efficiency, optimize the operating conditions and scale up the treatment process. The purification efficiency was estimated by comparing the compositions of the SOWE and the processed wastewater. The treatmen...

Biogas biodesulfurization by an anoxic biotrickling filter packed with open pore polyurethane foam at the laboratory scale (packed volume 2.4L) has been studied. The biotrickling system was operated for 620 days with biogas supplied continuously and two nitrate feeding regimes were tested (manual and programmed). Biomass immobilization was carried out under the manual nitrate feeding regime and...

Heparan sulfate (HS) and heparin are glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are heterogeneous in nature, not only due to differing disaccharide combinations, but also their sulfate modifications. HS is well known for its interactions with various growth factors and cytokines; and heparin for its clinical use as an anticoagulant. Due to their potential use in tissue regeneration; and the recent adverse ...

[continued on page 2] The South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (SCDHEC) recently completed a field-scale pilot study on the use of an in-situ sulfate-reducing bioreactor/ permeable reactive barrier (SRBR/PRB) to address metals contamination in ground water at the Stoller Chemical Site in Jericho, SC. The SRBR/PRB contains common biomaterial such as coastal hay, woodchip...