Both in emergency and elective surgical patients increased blood lactate levels warn the physician that the patient is at risk of increased morbidity and decreased changes of survival. Prompt therapeutic measures to restore the balance between oxygen demand and supply are warranted in these patients.

The digestive tract must supply the factors necessary for the existence of any micro-organism that finally becomes established. These factors include a favorable temperature, a constant supply of nutrients and essential fluids: In this situation the micro-organisms benefit from the environment and the animal benefits by maintaining a microflora that does not cause any disease state. There are g...

[1] The catchment water‐energy balance at the interannual scale remains a challenge for bridging the important gap in our knowledge of the hydrologic cycle. This study investigates interannual evapotranspiration (ET) variability and water‐energy balance at over 547 catchments across the contiguous United States in different climate zones. The investigation is based on ET data estimated from sat...

Sustained cyclic oscillations in stomatal conductance, leaf water potential, and sap flow were observed in young orange trees growing under natural conditions. The oscillations had an average period of approximately 70 min. Water uptake by the roots and loss by the leaves was characterized by large time lags which led to imbalances between water supply and demand in the leaves. The bulk of the ...

PURPOSE The specialty of radiation oncology has experienced significant workforce planning challenges in many countries. Our purpose was to develop and validate a workforce-planning model that would forecast the balance between supply of, and demand for, radiation oncologists in Canada over a minimum 10-year time frame, to identify the model parameters that most influenced this balance, and to ...

The main objective of this research is to analyze the impact of oil price volatility on the economic growth of Pakistan. Secondary data from 1973 to 2011 were used to estimate the coefficients. Linear Regression analysis is used to analyze the dependency among the dependant and independent variables. All variable Oil price, Oil supply, oil demand, Gross Domestic production, Public sector invest...

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the anesthesia methods by observing hemodynamic changes, oxygen supply and demand balance in order to provide the reference for the Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (OPCABG) anesthesia management level during OPCABG. Methods: Thirty patients scheduled for elective OPCABG were premedicated with intramuscular scopolamine 0.3 mg/kg and m...

Over the course of the last 50 years the Republic of Ireland has gone from being one of the poorest countries in Europe to one of the richest; however, it is now experiencing increasing rates of obesity and non-communicable chronic disease. Although several national nutrition surveys have been carried out in Ireland since 1990, there is little information on the Irish diet before then. We analy...

A global kinetic study of the central metabolism of Vero cells cultivated in a serum-free medium is proposed in the present work. Central metabolism including glycolysis, glutaminolysis, and tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) was demonstrated to be saturated by high flow rates of consumption of the two major substrates, glucose, and glutamine. Saturation was reavealed by an accumulation of metaboli...