Training a visual inspection device is not straightforward but suffers from the high variation in material to be inspected. This variation causes major difficulties for a human, and this is directly reflected in classifier training. Many inspection devices utilize rule-based classifiers the building and training of which rely mainly on human expertise. While designing such a classifier, a human...

We have developed a self-organizing map (SOM) -based approach for training and classification in visual surface inspection applications. The approach combines the advantages of non-supervised and supervised training and offers an intuitive visual user interface. The training is less sensitive to human errors, since labeling of large amounts of individual training samples is not necessary. In th...

Dimensionality reduction methods for visualization map the original high-dimensional data typically into two dimensions. Mapping preserves the important information of the data, and in order to be useful, fulfils the needs of a human observer. We have proposed a self-organizing map (SOM)based approach for visual surface inspection. The method provides the advantages of unsupervised learning and...

model [2] has been generally considered in both computer graphics and computer vision areas as a good Since the surface reflectance is a function of the geophysics-based model to describe the specular reflecmetrical components and the physical surface chartion of rough surfaces. However, since this model is acteristics, the reflectance parameters can be esticomplicated in nature, the simplified...

In this paper, we examine two dimensional transmission and three dimensional laminography, as implemented in two Automated X-Ray Inspection (AXI) industrial machines used for inspection of Surface Mount Technology (SMT) solder joint connections in electronics manufacturing: the Teradyne XStation and Agilent 5DX. Factors affecting xray image quality, such as the size of the focal spot, the x-ray...

For the surface defects inspection task, operators need to check defect in local detail images by specifying location, which only global 3D model reconstruction can’t satisfy. We explore how address multi-type (original image, semantic and depth image) image synthesis environment data storage introducing advanced neural radiance field (Nerf) method. use a wall-climbing robot collect RGB-D image...

A novel real-time radar NDE technique for the in-depth inspection of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP)retrofitted concrete columns is proposed. In this technique, continuous wave radar signals are transmitted in the far-field region (distant inspection), and reflected signals are collected by the same signal transmitter. Collected radar signals are processed by tomographic reconstruction me...

For the diagnosis of intra-abdominal diseases, Diagnostic laparoscopy is minimally invasive surgery. The procedure enables the direct inspection of large surface areas of intra-abdominal organs and facilitates obtaining biopsy specimens, cultures, and aspiration. Laparoscopic ultrasound can be used to evaluate deep organ parts that are not amenable to inspection. Diagnostic laparoscopy not only...

Visual quality inspection plays an important rule in quality control. With visual inspection it is ensured that the inspected surface meets the requirements; that the surface is free of irregularities, such as cracks, dents, and scratches. Detection of irregularities can, however, be a challenging task, especially on complex surfaces, where it is necessary to differentiate between surface irreg...

The majoTity of applications of automatic visual inspection have been the case in which a high contrast image can be obtained. This will result from object silhouettes 1 and high contrast reflectivity changes as in printed text. In these cases, the image can usually be successfully segmented by a threshold operation2,3 leading to a two-level or binary image. The cases that lead to difficulty at...