نتایج جستجو برای: surpluses
تعداد نتایج: 585 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
We study a stochastic dynamic game of process innovation in which firms can initiate and terminate R&D efforts and production at different times. We discern the impact of knowledge spillovers on the investments in existing markets, as well as on the likely structure of newly forming markets, for all possible asymmetries between firms. While an increase in spillovers may improve the likelihood o...
This paper reviews some of the recent research findings on consumers’ attitude and willingness to pay for genetically modified food (GM food) in China and hormone induced milk in the US. The economic impact studies on mandatory labeling for GM food around the world are also discussed. The general consensus from the impact studies in the literature is that it raises the price of the food product...
Artifacts of cold-hammered native gold have been discovered in a secure and undisturbed Terminal Archaic burial context at Jiskairumoko, a multicomponent Late Archaic-Early Formative period site in the southwestern Lake Titicaca basin, Peru. The burial dates to 3776 to 3690 carbon-14 years before the present (2155 to 1936 calendar years B.C.), making this the earliest worked gold recovered to d...
In this paper we derive a market-consistent value for long-term insurance contracts, with a focus on long-term health insurance contracts as found, e.g., in the German private health insurance industry. To this end, we rst set up a health insurance company model and, second, conduct a simulation study to calculate the present value of future pro ts and the time value of nancial options and guar...
We describe the concept, strategy, and initial results of the Millennium Villages Project and implications regarding sustainability and scalability. Our underlying hypothesis is that the interacting crises of agriculture, health, and infrastructure in rural Africa can be overcome through targeted public-sector investments to raise rural productivity and, thereby, to increased private-sector sav...
Aim of the research is to analyze regional gaps in terms renewable energy generation across Poland. For this purpose, four types regions were outlined based on two indicators: existing capacity and current demand revealed through number residents. This classification allowed reveal Poland that have distinct features peripherality, while also more successful with surpluses sustainable potential....
Abstract This article proposes a comparative political economy framework for analyzing the links between varieties of capitalism (VoC) and growth models, with focus on role income distribution in international trade imbalances leading up to global financial crisis 2008. For panel 18 countries over period 1981–2007, we find that strongly rising top shares contributed debt-led current account def...
The price of oil is affected by several economic, political, social, and climatic factors, in addition to the nature prevailing market. It also subject “continuous fluctuations due international market,” which characterized dynamism instability. Monday, April 20, 2020 considered a black day history industry as standard American prices collapsed 300% during that day's trading. general budget Ira...
We address the question of aggregating the preferences of voters in the context of participatory budgeting. We scrutinize the voting method currently used in practice, underline its drawbacks, and introduce a novel scheme tailored to this setting, which we call “Knapsack Voting”. We study its strategic properties we show that it is strategy-proof under a natural model of utility (a dis-utility ...
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