The previous are identical to the expressions (2) and (3). Thus the n 1 columns do consist of two repetitions of 2”-r-level Gray code. Now if we combine the first two columns again, we reduce each 2”-‘-level Gray code into two 2n-2-level Gray codes, or, the complete array into four 2”-2-level Gray codes. This can continue until we have only m columns, which would be 2n-m repetitions of 2”‘-leve...

In this paper, we analyze the symbol error rate (SER) of space-time network coding (STNC) in a distributed cooperative network over independent but not necessarily identically distributed (i.n.i.d.) Nakagami-m fading channels. In this network, multiple sources communicate with a single destination with the assistance of multiple decode-and-forward (DF) relays. We first derive new exact closed-f...

The need for high-rate wireless data transmission with efficient spectrum usage has sparked the development of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems using antenna arrays at the transmitter and receiver side. Spatial modulation is a new spatial multiplexing scheme promising high data rates. Its performance is affected by certain impairments of the radio channel. The effects of transmitte...

Underlay cognitive systems allow secondary users (SUs) to access the licensed band allocated to primary users (PUs) for better spectrum utilization with the power constraint imposed on SUs such that their operation does not harm the normal communication of PUs. This constraint, which limits the coverage range of SUs, can be offset by relaying techniques that take advantage of shorter range comm...

The aim of this paper is to compare the performance of Blind channel Estimation in OFDM with pilot based channel estimation. A blind channel estimation is presented for uncoded OFDM. In this method, four steps is done. The four steps are decision algorithm, channel impulse response estimation, channel frequency response estimation and data recovery. The decision algorithm first makes the primar...

— This correspondence propose the outage probability and symbol error rate (SER) performance of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) maximum ratio combining (MRC) in the existence of co-channel interferences (CCIs) with channel estimation error (CEE) and feedback delay (FD). In general, we derive the exact closed-form expressions for the statistical properties of the signal-to-noise-plus-inter...

The performance of digital cellular radio systems with maximal ratio combining (MRC) diversity is analyzed in a flat-fading channel with cochannel interference and additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). It is assumed that the desired signal may experience Rice fading while the Rayleigh-faded interferers may have similar or dissimilar average mean powers. Closed-form expressions are derived for t...

In this article, we develop a unified approach to the asymptotic performance analysis of symbol error rates for two-hop cooperative non-regenerative multi-relay networks over a myriad of stochastic channel models. Our proposed moment generating function (MGF) based analytical framework is also sufficiently general to encapsulate all types of coherent, differentially-coherent and non-coherent di...

Abstract In this paper, we investigate the performance of decode and forward (DF) in multiple-relay networks. We consider a cooperative diversity system where a source sends information to the destination with the aid of multirelay working in DF relaying protocol and investigate the optimal power allocation (OPA) at both the source and the relay nodes. By taking advantage of the moment generati...

A theory is developed for jointly minimizing the symbol error rate (SER) between the desired and decoded signals with respect to the coefficients of the transmitter and receiver FIR multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) filters. The original source signal is assumed to be a vector source with equally likely memoryless PAM vector components. The channel model constitutes of a known FIR MIMO tran...