The synergism in anticancer effect toward human renal carcinoma A498 cells by binary combinations of free and N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer-bound anticancer drugs, SOS thiophene (SOS), doxorubicin (DOX), and mesochlorin e6 monoethylenediamine (Mce6), was evaluated. The combination index (CI) analysis was used to quantify the synergism, antagonism, and additive effects. Both...

Ischemic stroke is a common cerebrovascular disease with substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, therapeutic options to minimize the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury are limited. In China, combination of herb Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge) and Honghua (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is effective for stroke treatment in patients but its underlying mechanism requires furthe...

For ecological risk assessment, the additive model may be used to empirically predict toxic mixture effects. Detailed toxicity tests were performed to determine whether effects of mixtures of copper-cadmium and copper-carbendazim on Caenorhabditis elegans were similar to the effects of the individual compounds. Effects on the course of reproduction, the length of the juvenile period, the length...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the antitumor effects of lurbinectedin as a single agent or in combination with existing anticancer agents for clear cell carcinoma (CCC) of the ovary, which is regarded as an aggressive, chemoresistant, histological subtype. METHODS Using human ovarian CCC cell lines, the antitumor effects of lurbinectedin, SN-38, doxorubicin, cisplatin, ...

Clostridium cellulovorans produces a multienzyme cellulose-degrading complex called the cellulosome. In this study, we determined the synergistic effects on crystalline cellulose degradation by three different recombinant cellulosomes containing either endoglucanase EngE, endoglucanase EngH, or exoglucanase ExgS bound to mini-CbpA, a part of scaffolding protein CbpA. EngE, EngH, and ExgS are cl...

Charge transport in organic non-fullerene acceptor n-type transistors is improved by synergistic doping effects and morphological changes.

Opioids are used to manage all types of pain including acute, cancer, chronic neuropathic and inflammatory pain. Unfortunately, opioid-related adverse effects such as respiratory depression, tolerance, physical dependence and addiction have led to an underutilization of these compounds for adequate pain relief. One strategy to improve the therapeutic utility of opioids is to co-administer them ...

Both alcohol abuse and infection with hepatitis viruses can lead to liver disease, including chronic hepatitis. Alcohol and hepatitis viruses have synergistic effects in the development of liver disease. Some of these involve the cellular membranes and particularly their functionally active domains, termed lipid rafts, which contain many proteins with essential roles in signaling and other proc...

BACKGROUND Caffeine enhances the cytocidal effects of DNA-damaging agents. This study investigated genes involved in the synergistic effect of caffeine on osteosarcoma cells using gene-profiling analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sensitivity to cisplatin and the synergistic effect of caffeine were evaluated in five osteosarcoma cell lines with different p53 gene status. Gene expression profiles ...

Porous carbon supports and antimony addition to palladium led synergistic effects on the electrocatalytic performance for biomass-derived alcohol oxidation reactions.