Three different pathways of D,L-diaminopimelate and L-lysine synthesis are known in procaryotes. Determinations of the corresponding enzyme activities in Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus sphaericus verified the fact that in each of these bacteria only one of the possible pathways operates. However, in Corynebacterium glutamicum activities are present which allow in principle th...

Abstract Conventional synthetic methodologies mostly bar access to the fabrication of innovative silica- or metal oxide-based materials with an expanded property spectrum. However, nature represents inexhaustible source inspiration for synthesis multifunctional tailored attributes. Particularly low-energy catalytic pathways poriferan biosilicification, enzyme silicatein at their heart, have bee...

Sphingolipids (SLs) are important structural and regulatory components of neuronal plasma membranes. Previous studies using fumonisin B1, an inhibitor of the synthesis of ceramide, the precursor of all SLs, demonstrated that ceramide synthesis is required to sustain axonal growth in hippocampal neurons (; ) and dendritic growth in cerebellar Purkinje cells (). We now show that ceramide plays di...

1. The maintenance of skeletal muscle mass is determined by a fine balance between protein synthesis and protein degradation. Skeletal mass is increased when there is a net gain in protein synthesis, which can occur following progressive exercise training. In contrast, skeletal muscle mass is lost when degradation occurs more rapidly than synthesis and is observed in numerous conditions, includ...

Huanglongbing (HLB) or "citrus greening" is the most destructive citrus disease worldwide. In this work, we studied host responses of citrus to infection with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CaLas) using next-generation sequencing technologies. A deep mRNA profile was obtained from peel of healthy and HLB-affected fruit. It was followed by pathway and protein-protein network analysis and qua...

Ethylene control of anthocyanin formation functions only through light-initiated synthesis pathways of the rapid synthesis phase. Treatment with ethylene in the dark had no effect on dark anthocyanin synthesis in red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.). Pretreatment of both red cabbage and sorghum (Sorghum vulgare L.) with ethylene for 24 hours in the dark did increase the rate of synthesis when the...

Like cancer cells, virally infected cells have dramatically altered metabolic requirements. We analyzed global metabolic changes induced by latent infection with an oncogenic virus, Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). KSHV is the etiologic agent of Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS), the most common tumor of AIDS patients. Approximately one-third of the nearly 200 measured metabolites were alter...