this research was performed to compare the effect of various levels of contextual interference (blocked, random and increasing practice schedules) on acquisition, retention and transfer of movement time error and cursor error in a complex motor – perceptual task. for this purpose, 30 female students (age range of 11 – 13 years) participated in a pretest (3 parts of 12 trials) and based on their...

The aim of this study was to examine the interrater reliability (trained vs. untrained raters) and criterion-related validity (manual vs. automatic timing) of the 4 × 10-m shuttle run and 30-m running speed tests (times measured). The study comprised 85 adolescents (38 girls) aged 13.0-16.9 years from the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence study. The time required to comple...

Sensor measurement uncertainty has never been fully considered in prior appraisals of global average surface air temperature. The estimated average ±0.2 C station error has been incorrectly assessed as random, and the systematic error from uncontrolled variables has been invariably neglected. The systematic errors in measurements from three ideally sited and maintained temperature sensors are c...

The independence of positive and negative affect has been heralded as a major and counterintuitive finding in the psychology of mood and emotion. Still, other findings support the older view that positive and negative fall at opposite ends of a single bipolar continuum. Independence versus bipolarity can be reconciled by considering (a) the activation dimension of affect, (b) random and systema...

Parameter estimation by inverse modeling involves the repeated evaluation of a function of residuals. These residuals represent both errors in the model and errors in the data. In practical applications of inverse modeling of multiphase flow and transport, the error structure of the final residuals often significantly deviates from the statistical assumptions that underlie standard maximum like...

Methods to register two sets of data have existed for quite some time. However, these sets of data are rarely error-free. Consequently, any registration based on this data will be affected by the error. Moreover, if the corresponding registration matrix is then used to transform data from one coordinate system to another, any error from the registration will also get propagated to the transform...