Abstract In the debate on (de-)judicialisation of international affairs and International Criminal Court (ICC) specifically, distinctions between legality politics state sovereignty remain contested. While realist legalist approaches discuss transformation by criminal law, sociological critical-legal perspectives instead highlight law. this contribution, we focus how (international) law matter,...

Since the overthrow of the Taliban in 2001, there has been an overall increase in illicit opium production in Afghanistan and mounting human losses. The United Nations has attributed 1 million human deaths to Afghan opiates over the past decade. As the war in Afghanistan nears a crucial mark, the NATO coalition forces and Afghan people can no longer afford the same ineffective counternarcotics ...

A eight years of increasing involvement in Afghanistan, the US-led Coalition appears to be at an intellectual crossroads. Despite progress in a number of sectors, the tipping point in favor of an irreversible momentum toward functional governance remains elusive. As frustration mounts, Coalition members have become more vocal about their desire to withdraw by a certain deadline rather than seei...

After four decades of war, Afghanistan’s higher education infrastructure was almost completely destroyed by 2001 [1]. During this period, many of the best faculty left the country in exile; others were killed or isolated from the academic world [2]. Many universities were closed and others functioned only at a basic level during the conflict years [2,3]. As a consequence, resulting facilities a...

Introduction In the 1980s the United States delivered several hundred missiles for Stinger Man-Portable Air Defence Systems (MANPADS) to Afghan resistance groups, some members of which later formed the Taliban. After Moscow’s withdrawal from Afghanistan in 1989, the US government launched a buyback programme aimed at recovering the missiles. Despite offering rewards of USD 100,000 or more for e...

This article evaluates state-sponsored terrorism as a principal-agent issue. More often applied to the study of licit national or international institutions as a way to improve their governance, we argue that applying principal-agent analysis to illicit relationships such as those between states and terrorist agents is an equally fruitful application, though one with different objectives. Rathe...

In the absence of a transboundary water agreement between riparian states Harirud River Basin, downstream states—Iran and Turkmenistan—have adopted resource-capturing policy through construction Doosti Dam in lower Basin when upstream state—Afghanistan—was engaged social unrest during 1980s to early 2000s. While has high potential supplying for major cities Turkmenistan Iran, its flow declined ...