Protease executes a large variety of functions and it has many biotechnological applications. It represents as one of the third largest group of industrial enzyme and finds its applications in detergents, leather industry, pharmaceutical industry etc. Among the different vegetable waste products, peel of Manihot esculenta (Tapioca/ cassava) was used as substrates for the production of protease ...

The effects of eight diets (atta flour, wheat flour, self-rising flour, rice flour, custard powder, corn flour, tapioca starch, and potato starch) on the development of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), reared at 29-31 degrees C and 66-70% RH were assessed. Five pairs of male and female T. castaneum were reared on the respective diets for 28 d before the experimental setup was...

Gelatinized starch granules are generally considered to be comprised of sacs or outer membranes of starchy material enclosing a more or less fluid colloidal starch dispersion [see reviews by RADLEY (10)] and KERR (6). NXGEI, (9) and MEYER (8) considered the membrane to be precxistent in the native, ungelatinized granule. ALSBERG (1) and BADENHUIZEN (2, 3) on the other hand, concluded that the m...

Interactions among dietary ingredients are often assumed non-existent when evaluating the nutritive value and health effects of dietary fiber. Specific fibers can distinctly affect digestive processes; therefore, digestibility and fermentability of the complete diet may depend on fiber types present. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of readily fermentable fibers (β-glucans and resistant...

In this study, twelve Mallards living in an artificial wastewater wetland were exposed to treated wastewater containing 1 x 104 x 10 enterococci 100 ml for a period of 55 days. Faecal samples were collected before, during and after exposure and analysed for Enterococcus spp. The isolates were phenotyped using the PhenePlate system. 270 Enterococcus spp. of Mallard origin were analysed, together...

In Japan, the coverage rate of domestic wastewater treatment among the population was 82.4% at the end of FY 2006, but the coverage rate of domestic wastewater treatment in areas with a population of 50,000 or less remains low (about 65%). In addition, because a smallscale treatment system requiring low construction and maintenance costs is sought because of municipalities’ financial difficulti...

Swine wastewater is characterized by high organic matter content, solids, nitrogen (expressed as total ammonia and protein) and heavy metals. This work determines the methanogenic toxicity effect of free ammonia contained in swine wastewater comparing raw swine wastewater (RW) and the liquid fraction of swine wastewater (TW). The values of IC50 (50% of inhibition) obtained for methanogenic bact...

Hospital effluents represent an important source for the release of antibiotics and antibiotic resistant bacteria into the environment. This study aims to determine concentrations of various antibiotics in wastewater before and after wastewater treatment in a rural hospital (60 km from the center of Hanoi) and in an urban hospital (in the center of Hanoi) in Vietnam, and it aims to explore the ...

Hookworm infection contributes around 700 million infections worldwide especially in developing nations due to increased use of wastewater for crop production. The effective recovery of hookworm ova from wastewater matrices is difficult due to their low concentrations and heterogeneous distribution. In this study, we compared the recovery rates of (i) four rapid hookworm ova concentration metho...

Despite high performance, municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) still discharge significant amounts of organic material and nitrogen and even microbes into the receiving water bodies, altering physico-chemical conditions and microbial functions. In this study, we examined how nitrified wastewater affects the microbiology of boreal lake sediments. Microbial community compositions were as...