Cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury is evoked by reactive oxygen species (ROS). We previously reported that sulfaphenazole (SPZ) attenuated cardiac ROS levels and ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. SPZ has distinct two actions: a) elimination of ROS and b) inhibition of cytochrome P450 (CYP) that is responsible for ROS production. The aim of this study is to determine which action contributes...

Interruption of coronary flow during cardiac surgical procedures provides a bloodless flaccid heart and allows precise and rapid correction of complex cardiac defects. However, myocardial damage occurs in direct proportion to the duration of the ischemia. As the induction of cardioplegia simulataneous with the initiation of cardiac ischemia helps to preserve cardiac energy reserves and thus myo...

Cardiac ischemia occurs when there is a supply versus demand mismatch in coronary blood flow. In patients who present with unstable angina, ischemia occurs due to partial or total occlusion of a coronary artery due to plaque rupture. In stable angina however, there is progressive vascular occlusion resulting ultimately in a luminal stenosis of greater than 70%, impeding blood flow to the distal...

objective(s) the aim of this study was to investigate the overall effect of cardiac vasoactive factors during coronary occlusion and reperfusion on peripheral vascular tone, using a sequential isolated rabbit heart-ear perfusion model. materials and methods isolated ears were perfused with the effluent of isolated hearts subjected to ischemia (30 min) and reperfusion (180 min, n=6). the compara...

AIM To evaluate the cardioprotective effect of sevoflurane on a beating heart in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting with normal preoperative left ventricular function. METHODS The randomized controlled study included 32 patients induced with sevoflurane and then randomized to receive either 1 minimal alveolar concentration (MAC) end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane (n=16) o...

OBJECTIVE Peripheral vascular surgery involving limb ischemia/reperfusion is associated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha production and an increased risk of cardiac complications. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in myocardial apoptosis and dysfunction following hindlimb ischemia/reperfusion. DESIGN Randomized perspective animal study. S...

Varadarajan, Srinivasan G., Jianzhong An, Enis Novalija, Steven C. Smart, and David F. Stowe. Changes in [Na]i, compartmental [Ca ], and NADH with dysfunction after global ischemia in intact hearts. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 280: H280–H293, 2001.—We measured the effects of global ischemia and reperfusion on intracellular Na, NADH, cytosolic and mitochondrial (subscript mito) Ca, relaxatio...

The paper describes an optimization problem of identifying heart ischemia using ECG measurements on the torso surface. Heart ischemia is a condition of reduced blood supply to cardiac tissue and can lead to heart infarctions. In the simulations, we model the cardiac electrical activity by a stationary form of the bidomain equations. These are solved using an adaptive finite element method on a ...

Background—Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are central mediators of cardiac dysfunction after ischemia/ reperfusion. ATP binding cassette mitochondrial erythroid (ABC-me; ABCB10; mABC2) is a mitochondrial transporter highly induced during erythroid differentiation and predominantly expressed in bone marrow, liver, and heart. Until now, ABC-me function in heart was unknown. Severa...

To define the time course of redistribution of thallium-201 (201Tl), ischemia was induced in seven pigs by temporary occlusion of the circumflex coronary artery. After 1 1/2 min of occlusion 201Tl and labeled microspheres were injected into the left atrium. Flow was re-established 4 min after occlusion. Prior to reflow, the relative activities of 201Tl and microspheres in the ischemic area were...