BACKGROUND We established a program of research to improve the development, reporting and evaluation of practice guidelines. We assessed the construct validity of the items and user's manual in the beta version of the AGREE II. METHODS We designed guideline excerpts reflecting high-and low-quality guideline content for 21 of the 23 items in the tool. We designed two study packages so that one...

in the natural disasters such as earthquake, based on severity of trauma, time under the rubble and quality/quantity of hydratation we will confront with a spectrum of traumatic rhabdomyolysis. in present study we evaluate victims of bam earthquake to show different stage of muscle trauma, from minor trauma with almost normal level of muscle enzyme to those with moderate trauma leading to crush...

The strategic information systems planningprocess (SISP) has become increasingly important for public organizations to achieve alignment, SISP is overwhelmedwith problems that hinder from reaping its benefits of it. Environmental hostility the most prominent. Therefore, this research investigates influence environmental hostilityas a moderator variable in relationship between planning process (...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE It is necessary in clinical practice to screen patients with epilepsy for quality-of-life factors. The purpose of this study was to develop a Korean version of the Quality of Life in Epilepsy (QOLIE)-10 survey and to determine its reliability and validity. METHODS Data were collected from 397 adult epilepsy patients. The ten items of QOLIE-10 were derived from the Korea...

this study aimed to develop and validate an instrument to evaluate english language teachers’ lesson plan- ning self-concept. to this end, 30 english teachers were asked to prepare a sample lesson plan and 15 of them were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview. a tentative questionnaire including six fac- tors namely: classroom management, lesson planning conformity, planning eff...

The ability to spontaneously recall recently learned information is a fundamental mnemonic activity of daily life, but has received little study using functional neuroimaging. We developed a functional MRI (fMRI) paradigm to study regional brain activity during encoding that predicts free recall. In this event-related fMRI study, ten lists of fourteen pictures of common objects were shown to he...

AIMS In Germany, the final year of undergraduate medical education ('practice year') consists of three 16-week clinical attachments, two of which are internal medicine and surgery. Students can choose a specific specialty for their third 16-week attachment. Practice year students do not receive specific teaching to prepare them for the National Licensing Examination. It is unknown whether knowl...

BACKGROUND The Delphi method has been widely applied in many study areas to systematically gather experts' input on particular topic. Recently, it has become increasingly well known in health related research. This paper applied the Fuzzy Delphi method to enhance the validation of a questionnaire pertaining chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk factors among metal industry workers. ...