Modulo is a target of Myc selectively required for growth of proliferative cells in Drosophila 645 Abnormal blood vessel development in mice lacking presenilin-1 657 Trl-GAGA directly interacts with lola like and both are part of the repressive complex of Polycomb group of genes 681 Retinoic acid signaling regulates murine bronchial tubule formation 691 A critical period for retinoic acid terat...

Targeted therapies have drastically changed the management of metastatic melanoma and have shown encouraging results on tumour progression but are also known for their high rates of adverse reactions. In general, targeted therapies are contraindicated during pregnancy due to concerns about teratogenesis. For the BRAF V600 inhibitor vemurafenib, the available literature about the effects on huma...

Vitamin A (retinol) is an essential vitamin in the daily functioning of human beings that helps regulate cellular differentiation [2] of epithelial tissue. Studies have shown that an excess of vitamin A can affect embryonic development and result in teratogenesis, or the production of birth defects [3] in a developing embryo. Excess intake of vitamin A and retinoids by pregnant women often resu...

Among the various exogenous agents inducing developmental anomalies in higher mammals, administration of chemicals to pregnant animals may be a suitable means for the detection of the mechanism of teratogenesis. Sinclair ('50) recognized an abnormality of the nervous system of embryos after treatment of pregnant mice of an albino stock for several days from 7-8th day of gestation, with ethyl-ur...

The current use of animals to test for potential teratogenic effects of drugs and other chemicals dates back to the thalidomide disaster of the late 1950s and early 1960s. Controversy surrounds the following questions: 1. What was known about placental transfer of drugs when thalidomide was developed? 2. Was thalidomide tested on animals for teratogenicity prior to its release? 3. Would more an...

A successful pregnancy following renal allotransplantation is reported. Until now azathioprine has been used as the standard immunosuppressive agent in such cases. Because of the potential teratogenicity of azathioprine, low doses of cyclosporin A, a new immunosuppressive drug, was used in our pregnant recipient. We present the management and the outcome of the pregnancy, as well as the hormona...