These studies evaluated the effects of inhaled vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) on mouse, rat and rabbit embryonal and fetal development. Groups of pregnant CF-1 mice, Sprague-Dawley rats and New Zealand white rabbits were exposed to 500 ppm VCM for 7 hr daily during the period of major organogenesis. Subsequently, other groups of mice were similarly exposed to 50 ppm VCM, and rats and rabbits were...

Palatal primordia of day−1251CR mouse fetuses were cultured in a chemi − ca】[ydefined serumless medium by a suspension cuhure technique, and the developmental tQxicity of aspirin and its metabolites on in vitro pa was studied . Explanted fetal palates were exposed in vitro for 72 hr to O,5−2 mM aspirin (ASP),025 −2 mM salicylic acid (SA ),0.5−2 mM salicyluric acid (SUA ),1−2 ...

SCOTT E. BOWEN, Ph.D., is an associate professor and area chair of the Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Program within the Department of Psychology at Wayne State University (WSU). He is also an associate professor in WSU’s Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. His preclinical research is focused on behavioral pharmacology, behavioral toxicology, and neurobehavioral teratology. He inves...

A recent addition to the field of teratology has been the inclusion of functional assessment techniques of offspring after prenatal exposure to exogenous agents. The present paper reviews the behavioral teratogenic effects of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME, 2-methoxyethanol) and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGEE, 2-ethoxyethanol). Groups of 15 pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were expos...

One of the least-developed areas of clinical pharmacology and drug research is the use of medication during pregnancy and lactation. This article is the first in a two-part series designed to familiarize physicians with many aspects of the drugs they commonly prescribe for pregnant and breast-feeding women. Almost every pregnant woman is exposed to some type of medication during pregnancy. Alth...

Iodine deficiency is an important nutritional deficiency, with more than 2 billion people worldwide estimated to be at risk. The developing fetus and young children are particularly at risk. During pregnancy and lactation, iodine requirements increase, whether in iodine-poor or iodine-sufficient countries, making the mother and the developing fetus vulnerable. The American Thyroid Association (...

Chromium (Cr) is an element present in nature mineral form. It has a dual effect, both as essential micronutrient and carcinogenic agent depending on its chemical form concentration. various environmental matrices such water, soil, air, coming from natural anthropogenic sources, causes harmful effects biota, ecosystems, even human beings. This study's objective was to evaluate chromium toxicity...