Th e purpose of the study was to evaluate the eff icacy and feasibility of using website in biology education. We have explored the World Wide Web as a possible tool for education about health and nutrition. Th e websites were teaching tools for primary school students. Control groups used the traditional educational materials as books or worksheets, and the experimental groups used prepared we...

The paper is devoted to the study of Marker’s extensions of sequences of countable structures. In the first part of the paper definability properties of the Marker’s extension are investigated. The results demonstrate that for any sequence of structures the Marker’s extension codes the elements of the sequence so that the n-th structure of the sequence appears positively at the n-th level of th...

Over the recent years, considerable progress has been made in elucidating processes that are critical for thyroid hormone (TH) synthesis and action. In this issue of Thyroid Research several German groups dedicated to thyroid research have assembled and discussed novel aspects of thyroid hormone action with the perspective to improve diagnosis and therapy of thyroid disorders by better understa...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Physical exercise promotes energy producing pathways requiring thiamin and riboflavin as a coenzyme. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of regular exercise training on urinary excretion of thiamin and riboflavin. MATERIALS/METHODS Fifty rats were randomly assigned to one of two groups: non-exercise training (NT, n = 25) and regular exercise training (ET, n = ...

To compare the effects of an insulin sensitizer, metformin, with an insulin secretagogue, Glimepiride, on Glycosylated hemoglobin level (HbA1c) and lipid profile in type II diabetes patients. This is a prospective cross sectional study carried out on 120 type II diabetic Patients were selected according to the prescription divided in three groups Metformin (N=40), Glimepiride (N=40), a combinat...

In this study we aimed to define the protein and viral subtype specificities of helper Th cells to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). BALB/c mice were primed by infection with RSV, or with vaccinia viruses (VV) containing genes encoding several individual RSV proteins. Priming for Th cell memory was assayed by stimulating spleen cells in vitro with different RSV isolates and measuring RSV-speci...

The hydration structure of two actinoid ions of different charge, Cm(III) and Th(IV), was investigated. Density Functional Theory, DFT-based molecular dynamics and the single sweep method were used to obtain free energy landscapes of ion-water coordination. Free energy curves as a function of the ion-water coordination number were obtained for both ions. The number of water molecules in the fir...

The main motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease are due to the loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the ventral midbrain (VM). For the future treatment of Parkinson's disease with cell transplantation it is important to develop efficient differentiation methods for production of human iPSCs and hESCs-derived midbrain-type DA neurons. Here we describe an efficient differentiation and sorting stra...

Most of our knowledge on the mechanisms of thyroid hormone (TH) dependent brain development is based on clinical observations and animal studies of maternal/fetal hypothyroidism. THs play an essential role in brain development and hormone deficiency during critical phases in fetal life may lead to severe and permanent brain damage. Maternal hypothyroidism is considered the most common cause of ...

In mammals, thyroid hormone (TH) signaling is essential for metabolic control, differentiation and homeostasis. These hormones are also involved in the regulation of metamorphosis in amphibians and lampreys and a role in basal chordates has been suggested. Increasing evidence supports TH-related function not only in basal chordates such as urochordates and cephalochordates but also in other inv...