A rapid, sensitive and reliable high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the determination of propiverine hydrochloride (CAS 54556-98-8) in human plasma using cetirizine di-hydrochloride as internal standard (IS, CAS 8388-51-0). Following liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate, the separation was performed on a reve...

The method described confirms the use of the tranquilizer azaperone by detecting the parent compound and the metabolically reduced form, azaperol. Both are confirmed in swine liver at a target concentration of 10 ppb by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with electron ionization in the selected-ion-monitoring mode. Swine liver tissue is ground with dry ice. Acetonitrile is added to ex...

A simple highly versatile and efficient sonochemical synthesis of 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted and 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazoles is achieved by condensation of 1,2-dicarbonyl compound, aldehyde, ammonium acetate and primary amine using antimony trichloride immobilized on silica gel (SiO2-OSbCl2) as a catalyst in ethanol at moderate temperature. Operational simplicity, practicability and applicabi...

Soybean cell suspension cultures grew on defined media with ammonium as the sole nitrogen source if Krebs cycle acids were added. Satisfactory growth was obtained with ammonium salts of citrate, malate, fumarate, or succinate, when compared with the regular medium containing nitrate and ammonium. Little or no growth occurred when ammonium salts of shikimate, tartrate, acetate, carbonate, or sul...

A bisection sampling method was implemented in path integral simulations of chemical reactions in solution in the framework of the quantized classical path approach. In the present study, we employ a combined quantum mechanical and molecular mechanical (QM/MM) potential to describe the potential energy surface and the path integral method to incorporate nuclear quantum effects. We examine the c...

Prebiotics beneficially affect the gut microbiome. Bimuno®, a prebiotic supplement containing galactooligosaccharides (GOS), has multiple demonstrated effects. Using short-term colonic incubations, influence of GOS on microbiota three healthy human adults was evaluated. Colonic reactors inoculated with fecal samples were untreated (blank) or supplemented GOS. pH, gas pressure, short-chain fatty...

The application of systems biology tools holds promise for rational industrial microbial strain development. Here, we characterize a Zymomonas mobilis mutant (AcR) demonstrating sodium acetate tolerance that has potential importance in biofuel development. The genome changes associated with AcR are determined using microarray comparative genome sequencing (CGS) and 454-pyrosequencing. Sanger se...

27 Two in-line enrichment procedures (large volume sample stacking (LVSS) and field 28 amplified sample injection (FASI)) have been evaluated for the capillary zone electrophoresis 29 (CZE) analysis of haloacetic acids (HAAs) in drinking water. For LVSS, separation on normal 30 polarity by using 20 mM acetic acid-ammonium acetate (pH 5.5) containing 20% acetonitrile as 31 BGE was required. For ...

1,8-Dioxo-decahydroacridines have been synthesized by the three-component reaction of aromatic aldehydes, aromatic amines (or ammonium acetate), and dimedone in the presence of sulfonic acid functionalized nanoporous silica (SBA-Pr-SO3H) under solvent-free conditions. Excellent yields, short reaction times, mild reaction conditions, an...

A method is developed for the determination of melengestrol acetate in bovine fat tissue at or less than the established tolerance level of 25 ppb. The procedure uses a combination of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and solid-phase extraction (SPE) techniques to produce an extract suitable for analysis with either high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection or gas chr...