background: repeated implantation failure (rif) is a major challenge in reproductive medicine and despite several methods that have been described for management, there is little consensus on the most effective one. objective: this study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma in improvement of pregnancy rate in rif patients. materials and methods: twenty women with ...

A total of 41 patients requested thawing of supernumerary embryos in an intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) programme. Mean patient age was 30.8 +/- 3.8 years. Embryo freezing by the ultrarapid method was performed at room temperature in 3 mol/l DMSO and 0.25 mol/l sucrose. Total freezing time was 2.5 min including filling of the straw. In the thawing process, the embryos were removed from ...

26 27 Background: The adjunction of exogenous hormones for controlled ovarian stimulation 28 (COS) may alter endometrial receptiveness. In order to identify the genes mis-regulated under 29 COS, we compared the endometrium gene expression profiles, from the same patients, in a 30 natural cycle and in a subsequent COS cycle. Methods: For the same normal-responder 31 patients (n=21), endometrial ...

BACKGROUND Cryopreservation of embryos may lead to zona hardening that may compromise in vivo hatching and implantation following thawing and transfer. Assisted hatching (AH) has been advocated as a means of assisting the natural hatching process and enhancing implantation. METHODS The aim of this study was to assess in a prospective randomized manner the effect of laser-assisted hatching (LA...

The ultimate challenge for all in vitro fertilisation (IVF) clinics is to develop the ability to select for transfer the best single embryo first, from the patient’s cohort of embryos, thereby maximising the chance of pregnancy while the incidence of multiple pregnancies is kept to a minimum and fewer transfer cycles are required. This ambition has driven extensive research and development into...

Assisted Hatching (AH) is a technique performed after In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) and involves the artificial thinning or opening of the Zona Pellucida (ZP) prior to Embryo Transfer (ET) as an attempt to improve the probability of embryo implantation. AH can be performed by embryologists via mechanical, chemical, or laser-assisted means. A few studies suggest that a larger size of ZP opening/t...

Freezed embryo transfer increases the cumulative pregnancy rate, reduces costs, is relatively simple to undertake and can be accomplished in a shorter time period compared to repeated Fresh cycle. There are different protocols for endometrial preparation. Although frozen embryo replacement cycles, have been used for several years, there is no agreement about the optimal way to prepare the endom...

This paper provides a concise review of single embryo transfer (SET) in cycles using fresh embryos as well as in cycles using frozen-thawed embryos. Relevant studies were identified by a computerized search in PubMed for the period 1995-2004. The pregnancy rates, delivery rates and multiple pregnancy/birth rates were evaluated after fresh or frozen embryo transfer as well as cumulative delivery...

On a worldwide basis, more than 750,000 embryos are produced annually from superovulated donors and more than 450,000 embryos are produced using in vitro techniques. Superovulation and embryo collection are done as frequently as every 30 days. Cryopreservation and direct transfer of frozen-thawed embryos results in pregnancy rates near that of fresh embryos. Since the zona pellucida-intact in v...