In the past decades, several mesoscale simulation techniques have emerged as tools to study hydrodynamic flow phenomena on scales in the range of nanoto micrometers. Examples are Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD), Multiparticle Collision Dynamics (MPCD), or Lattice Boltzmann (LB) methods. These methods allow one to access time and length scales which are not yet within reach of atomistic Mole...

A continuous flow probe is used as a direct inlet source for injection of liquid samples into a time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer. The direct liquid inlet is coupled to laser desorption as a means of rapidly vaporizing, the nonvolatile sample dissolved in the solvent for entrainment into a supersonic jet expansion. The target analyte is then selectively analyzed by resonance enhanced multi...

Cross sections and thermally averaged excitation rate coefficients are presented for proton impact excitations of the 1s 2 2s2p 3 P fine-structure transitions in the Be-like ions C iii, N iv, and O v. The cross sections were calculated using a close-coupled impact parameter method that has been modified to include the higher lying levels of the triplet states of the 2p 2 , 2s3s, and 2s3d config...

In a coupled system of one classical and one quantum mechanical degree of freedom, the quantum degree of freedom can facilitate the escape of the whole system. Such unusual escape characteristics have been theoretically predicted as the "Münchhausen effect." We implement such a system by shunting one of the two junctions of a dc SQUID with an additional capacitance. In our experiments, we detec...

In this article, we present a continuum mechanics based approach for modeling thermally induced single-nanoparticle phase transitions studied in ultrafast electron microscopy. By using coupled differential equations describing heat transfer and the kinetics of the phase transition, we determine the major factors governing the time scales and efficiencies of thermal switching in individual spin-...

We present electronic transport measurements of a single wall carbon nanotube quantum dot coupled to Nb superconducting contacts. For temperatures comparable to the superconducting gap, peculiar transport features are observed inside the Coulomb blockade and superconducting energy gap regions. The observed temperature dependence can be explained in terms of sequential tunneling processes involv...

We demonstrated high-efficiency all-optical switching in an InGaAsP–InP photonic crystal resonator evanescently coupled with a microfiber. The nonlinearity was based on carrier injection by single-photon absorption of 980-nm pump light. Carrier-induced and thermally induced shifts of resonance wavelengths were observed under continuous-wave pumping. In pulse operation, an instantaneous refracti...

The effects of exponentially varying viscosity and linearly varying thermal conductivity on unsteady MHD natural convective flow past a semi infinite vertical plate in a thermally stratified medium is studied. The variables of both viscosity and thermal conductivity are considered only a function of temperature. The governing boundary layer equations of continuity, momentum and energy have been...

In TeV-scale gravity scenarios with large extra dimensions, black holes may be produced at future colliders. Good arguments have been made for why general relativistic black holes may be just out of reach of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). However, in weakly-coupled string theory, highly excited string states – string balls – could be produced at the LHC with high rates and decay thermally, no...

The thermally induced denaturation of DNA in the presence of an attractive solid surface is studied. The two strands of DNA are modeled via two coupled flexible chains without volume interactions. If the two strands are adsorbed on the surface, the denaturation phase transition disappears. Instead, there is a smooth crossover to a weakly naturated state. Our second conclusion is that even when ...