Thin sedimentary interbeds within the Kirkpatrick Basalt (Jurassic) of Antarctica harbor exquisitely preserved ‘soft-bodied’ organisms that lived in and around shallow freshwater lakes of the time, some of which were hydrothermally influenced. In the hottest pools, associated with magmatic vents, unusual carbonates were apparently precipitated by Archaea extremophiles adapted to living near act...

One of the main disadvantages steel bars is rebar corrosion, especially when they are exposed to aggressive environmental conditions such as marine environments. suggested ways solve this problem use composite bars. However, these ambiguous due some weaknesses, low modulus elasticity and linear behavior in tensile tests. In research, effect hybridization process on mechanical behavior, includin...

Introduction: A strong early Martian greenhouse atmosphere is required to account for evidence of liquid water on the surface of Mars [e.g. 1]. Many models of Mars’ atmospheric evolution incorporate magmatic outgassing fluxes of CO2 based on analogy to terrestrial magmas [2-5]. Here we investigate the solubility of carbon dioxide in Martian analogue basaltic melts at 2.0 GPa to constrain this i...

We report gravel of the River Euphrates, capped by basalt that is Ar-Ar dated to ∼9 Ma, at Shireen in northern Syria. This gravel, preserved by the erosion-resistant basalt, allows us for the first time to reconstruct the history of this major river during the Late Miocene. In response to progressive regional surface uplift, the Euphrates extended SE by ∼800 km between the early Middle Miocene,...

[1] We report on ages derived from impact crater counts for exposed mare basalt units in the northern part of the lunar nearside hemisphere (Mare Frigoris), the eastern and northeastern part of the nearside hemisphere (Lacus Temporis, Joliot, Hubble, Goddard, Mare Marginis, and Mare Smythii), the central part of the nearside hemisphere (Palus Putredinis, Mare Vaporum, and Sinus Medii), and the ...

pillow lavas are locally conspicuous. A unit consisting of dark, thinly bedded sandstone and siltstone, lccally ranging to several hundred feet thick, is lowermost in the exposed section. The middle division consists of about 3,500 feet of mixed andesi.:e and basalt volcaniclastic rocks ~ lahar, tuff breccia, volcanic sandstone, and conglomeratic beds which rest on relatively thin, fossiliferou...

Sediment-covered basalt on the flanks of mid-ocean ridges constitutes most of Earth's oceanic crust, but the composition and metabolic function of its microbial ecosystem are largely unknown. By drilling into 3.5-million-year-old subseafloor basalt, we demonstrated the presence of methane- and sulfur-cycling microbes on the eastern flank of the Juan de Fuca Ridge. Depth horizons with functional...

Basement rocks in the 17,000-square-mile region of southern Oklahoma crop out in the Wichita and Arbuckle Mountains and have been studied in subsurface samples from 175 wells. The rocks are divided into two contrasting provinces, each completely different from the other in age and petrologic character. Each province has played a different role in guiding the stratigraphic and structural evoluti...