This work summarizes various approaches to measuring symmetry of static and moving creatures. It outlines some problems with estimating symmetry of moving creatures: determination of the temporal direction of movement, aggregation of changing lifespan symmetry to a single value, and indeterminism of computer simulations.

It has recently been suggested that the nervous system employs forward models for the purpose of motor control. The evidence for this hypothetical computational structure comes from various sources, theoretical and experimental. The purpose of this commentary is to distinguish between three different structures that are used to support the forward model hypothesis: (1) output predictor, (2) sta...

A. For f > g ∈ ω let c∀f ,g be the minimal number of uniform trees with g-splitting needed to ∀-cover the uniform tree with f -splitting. c∃f ,g is the dual notion for the ∃ cover. Assuming CH and given א1 many (sufficiently different) pairs ( f2 , g2 ) and cardinals κ2 such that κ0 2 = κ2 , we construct a partial order forcing that c∃f2 ,g2 = c ∀ f2 ,g2 = κ2 . For this, we introduce a c...

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi pati aren dan maizena terhadap sifat kimia, fisik organoleptik beras porang analog yang terbaik. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non faktorial dengan 9 perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Kemudian dianalisis analisis varian selanjutnya dilakukan uji DMRT. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa penambahan berpengaruh sangat ...

In this study, we evolve both the controller and morphology of artificially embodied legged creatures. This is achieved by relaxing certain morphological constraints previously imposed on the artificial creature where the focus had only been on the optimization of its artificial neural network (ANN) controller. The first objective is to explore the legged locomotion behaviors that can be achiev...

An investigation of the distributional characteristics of 440 large-sample achievement and psychometric measures found all to be significantly nonnormal at the alpha .01 significance level. Several classes of contamination were found, including tail weights from the uniform to the double exponential, exponential-level asymmetry, severe digit preferences, multimodalities, and modes external to t...

This work introduces a numerical, continuous measure of symmetry for 3D stick creatures and solid 3D objects. Background information about the property of symmetry is provided, and motivations for developing a symmetry measure are described. Three approaches are mentioned, and two of them are presented in detail using formal mathematical language. The best approach is used to sort a set of crea...