[1] Surface all-wave albedo and physical parameters (grain radius, mass density, surface temperature, and stratification) of an austral summer snow cover on sea ice were measured in the Ross Sea during January-February 1999. It was observed that (1) from north to south the snow surface temperature decreases, albedo increases, snow mass density decreases, snow composite grain radius decreases, a...

BACKGROUND Peanut consumption favorably influences satiety. This study examined the acute effect of peanut versus grain bar preloads on postmeal satiety and glycemia in healthy adults and the long-term effect of these meal preloads on body mass in healthy overweight adults. METHODS In the acute crossover trial (n = 15; 28.4 ± 2.9 y; 23.1 ± 0.9 kg/m2), the preload (isoenergetic peanut or grain...

Observational studies consistently find an inverse relationship between whole-grain intake and weight gain. We aimed to confirm this in an open-label researcher-blinded parallel design randomised trial. A total of 179 overweight/obese women with a habitually low whole-grain intake (<16 g/day) were randomised to a weight maintenance diet with refined-grain (RG) or whole-grain (WG) foods (80 g/da...

BACKGROUND Epitestosterone is prohibited by sport authorities because its administration will lower the urinary testosterone/epitestosterone ratio, a marker of testosterone administration. A definitive method for detecting epitestosterone administration is needed. METHODS We developed a gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry method for measuring the delta(13)C values fo...

Foods high in dietary fiber may play an important role in regulating body weight. Few observational studies have examined the relationship between dietary fiber from different sources and body fat in older adults. Our objectives were to examine the associations among grain intake (whole and refined), dietary fiber and fiber sources, and body fat among older adults. We used data from 434 free-li...

The application of heterosis (hybrid vigor) has brought great success to plant breeding, particularly of hybrid rice, achieving significant yield increases. Attempts to explore the heterosis of inter-subspecific hybrids between indica and japonica rice, which result in even greater yield increases, have greatly increased in the past decades. However, because of the reduced seed setting rate in ...

[1] Flows of angular rock fragments are released down a concave upward chute in the laboratory to study their mobility. This mobility is measured as the reciprocal of the apparent coefficient of friction that is equal to the vertical drop of the centre of mass of the granular material divided by its horizontal distance of travel. Our experiments show that the finer the grain size (all the other...

Grain boundary segregation of boron in nickel has been investigated using secondary ion mass spectrometry and FIM-AP techniques. Preliminary results show that segregation is of the equilibrium type which means that boron was concentrated to a few atomic layers at the grain boundaries and that the amount of segregation increased with decreasing annealing temperature.

Advanced backcross introgression lines (BILs) developed from crosses of Oryza sativa var. Swarna/O. nivara accessions were grown and evaluated for yield and related traits. Trials were conducted for consecutive three seasons in field conditions in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data on yield traits under irrigated conditions were analyzed using the Additive Main Eff...