introduction: raising the knowledge of skeletal and soft tissue changes with aging has been highly essential due to an increasing demand for aesthetic facial surgery following aging. the aim of this study is to evaluate the three dimensional computed tomographic images and process of changes in mandible with aging. materials and methods: in this descriptive study, the facial ct scans were obtai...

3D printing is a form of rapid prototyping technology, which has led to innovative new applications in biomedicine. It facilitates the production of highly accurate three dimensional objects from substrate materials. The inherent accuracy and other properties of 3D printing have allowed it to have exciting applications in anatomy education and surgery, with the specialty of neurosurgery having ...

This paper presents a model of a virtual laboratory for an introductory computer science course. The proposed model aims at solving a number of problems involved in the educational procedure of such a course. The model architecture consists of seven modules, each one corresponds to a specific topic of the course. Every module provides several different services in order to assist students to as...

Empirical studies concerning face recognition suggest that faces may be stored in memory by a few canonical representations. In cortical area V1 exist double-opponent colour blobs, also simple, complex and end-stopped cells which provide input for a multiscale line/edge representation, keypoints for dynamic routing and saliency maps for Focus-of-Attention. All these combined allow us to segrega...

We demonstrate the direct three-dimensional imaging of densely packed colloidal nanostructures using stimulated emission depletion microscopy. A combination of two de-excitation patterns yields a resolution of 43 nm in the lateral and 125 nm in the axial direction and an effective focal volume that is by 126-fold smaller than that of a corresponding confocal microscope. The mapping of a model s...

This paper presents a comparison between Radio Tomographic Imaging (RTI) and Device-free Passive (DfP) tracking in standard WiFi networks. We show that for typical WiFi deployments, tracking methods are able to extract location information from a limited number of streams while imaging methods fail to produce meaningful images. On the other hand, we show that when the number of streams increase...

Recently, specialized applications of 3D printing have extended into the biological realm. As the field is so new, related activities are being approached from groups with disparate specialties and backgrounds. Therefore, few firm, unambiguous and universally understood definitions have been established. Many have local and connotative meanings, and most have both unique and overlapping aspects...

This paper presents gold passivated dense NiW mechanically flexible interconnects (MFIs) for advanced 3D heterogeneous IC integration. The MFIs are fabricated with a pitch as small as 25 μm, a maximum height of 65 μm, and can be engineered to provide a wide range of mechanical stiffness and vertical range of motion within the elastic region. The compliance for the fabricated MFIs is measured to...