Descriptive skull anatomy and morphological variations occurring in its important foramina have a profound effect on the development of modern neurosurgery. Variations in skull foramina usually occur in the form of duplication, multiplication and partial or complete absence. This case report describes two extremely rare foramen variations occurring simultaneously in a dry human skull; presence ...

background: thyroid carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the endocrine system. papillary thyroid carcinoma (ptc) is the most common type of thyroid cancer, accounting for 70–90% of well-differentiated thyroid malignancies. thyroid papillary microcarcinoma is a subtype of papillary carcinoma that included tumors with less than 10mm diameter. as a result of diagnostic methods improvement, p...

AIM The aim of this study is to assess and locate the Foramen of Huschke. STUDY DESIGN Anatomical. MATERIAL AND METHOD Using contrast material like gutta-percha and barium sulfate, through extraoral radiographs, such as panoramic, submental vertex and corrected sagittal linear Temporal Mandibular Joint tomograms in four skulls where we clinically checked the existence of foramen of Huschke....

BACKGROUND It is not uncommon to see the non union of the fractures in the long bones. Among the various reasons for the nonunion of the fractured bones, the nutrient artery plays an important role. OBJECTIVES This study was aimed at analyzing the nutrient foramina in dry adult humerii ,with regards to the number, size and the location of the nutrient foramen with respect to the surfaces and ...

AIM To compare ex vivo the accuracy of two impedance quotient apex locators with different scales and frequencies of the measuring circuit. METHODOLOGY In each root of 193 extracted human teeth, electronic working length determination (ELD) was carried out with a newly constructed measuring unit. In all cases, ELD was performed using the apex locators Justy II (Hager & Werken, Duisburg, Germa...

Introduction: Supraorbital foramen is an important site for various surgical and anesthetic procedures. Accurate localization of the foramen holds the key to success, although racial variations exist in various population groups. The study included the morphometry of supraorbital foramen and its location with respect to nearby anatomical landmarks. Methods: A total of 100 dry skulls (60 male an...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of four electronic apex locators (EALs) (DentaPort ZX, Raypex 5, Endo Master and VDW Gold) in detecting the major foramen using the clearing technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-eight extracted single-rooted extracted teeth with mature apices were used for the study and divided into four groups of 12 teeth each. All teeth were em...

Background: An opening into the bone shaft for passage of blood vessels to the medullary cavity of a bone for its nourishment and growth is called understanding of nutrient foramina in upper limb bones such as the humerus, radius and ulna. So the aim of present study was to record the location, number and direction of nutrient foramina in lon bones of the upper limb. Material and methods: A tot...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A persistent foramen tympanicum, or foramen of Huschke, is an anatomic variation of the tympanic portion of the temporal bone due to a defect in normal ossification in the first 5 years of life. The foramen is located at the anteroinferior aspect of the external auditory canal (EAC), posteromedial to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). We sought to define its prevalence, l...