We discuss the self-assembly system of triangular tiles instead of square tiles, in particular right triangular tiles and equilateral triangular tiles. We show that the triangular tile assembly system, either deterministic or non-deterministic, has the same power to the square tile assembly system in computation, which is Turing universal. By providing counter-examples, we show that the triangu...

Contaminant hydrology is the study of processes that affect both ground and surface water pollution. It draws on the principles of hydrology and chemistry. Contaminant hydrology and water quality research seeks to understand the role of soil properties and hydrologic processes on ground and surface water pollution and develop strategies to mitigate their impacts. Research is done at all scales ...

.......................................................................................................................................... ii Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................ iv List of Tables and Figures...........................................................................................

The atrazine, simazine, ametryne, propazine, its metabolites and its residues have been detected in surface water, rainwater, tile drainage, and groundwater at concentrations exceeding the maximum contaminant level of 3 mg/L set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Atrazine has a lot of adverse effect on health such as tumors, breast, ovarian, and uterine cancers as well as leukemia and...

Despite the effectiveness of tile drain systems as a water management practice in naturally poorly drained soils, they facilitate transport NO 3 ? -N to surface bodies. In order improve risk assessment this significant under increased applications N fertilisers agriculture, it is imperative delineate controlling factors and processes. The aim study was acquire such knowledge using 1D Daisy mode...

Long-term assessment of NO3-N leaching losses to subsurface drainage "tile" water from different tillage systems and N application rates can help mitigate the environmental concerns of production agriculture. A three-phase field study was conducted to investigate the impact of two tillage systems (chisel vs. no-till) and different N application management systems on flow-weighted NO3-N concentr...

The development of the GIS Decision Support System (DSS) – Drainage Runoff Input of Pesticides in Surface Water based on model algorithms describing the major pathways of pesticide entry into surface waters has been initiated by the German Federal Environmental Agency (Umweltbundesamt, UBA) in 2000. The tool estimates the quantity of pesticide input from non-point sources via surface runoff, ti...

Cumulative daily load time series show that the early 2000s marked a step-change increase in riverine soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) loads entering the Western Lake Erie Basin from three major tributaries: the Maumee, Sandusky, and Raisin Rivers. These elevated SRP loads have been sustained over the last 12 yr. Empirical regression models were used to estimate the contributions from (i) incr...

Tiling is widely used by compilers and programmer to optimize scientific and engineering code for better performance. Many parallel programming languages support tile/tiling directly through first-class language constructs or library routines. However, the current OpenMP programming language is tile oblivious, although it is the de facto standard for writing parallel programs on shared memory s...

Changes in land use and drainage have contributed to channel adjustment in small‐order to medium‐order streams in the prairie pothole region of south‐west Minnesota. Although conversion from prairie to agriculture occurred a century ago, recent decades have seen increased subsurface tile drainage, annual row crop coverage and channel modifications, particularly at road crossings such that chann...