To the Editor: An outbreak of rec-tal lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) has been detected in the Netherlands among men who have sex with men (1–4). More cases of LGV in other European countries such as Belgium, France, and the United Kingdom have been reported, and the first cases have been detected in the United States as well. This infection is encountered not only by clinicians who treat sexual...

The real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), also called quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) or kinetic polymerase chain reaction (kPCR), is a technique used to simultaneously quantify and amplify a DNA molecule. It is used to determine whether a specific DNA sequence is present in the sample; and if it is present, the number of copies in the sample. It is the real-t...

conclusions l. innocua is not a pathogen, but the presence of the bacterium could be an indicator of probable contamination with l. monocytogenes. moreover, there is a potential risk to public health from the consumption of raw or undercooked burgers, which may increase the possibility of the acquisition of resistance to antibiotics. objectives the aim of this study was to evaluate the occurren...

aim and objectives: the hepatitis c virus (hcv) is essentially hepatotropic but virus compartment have also been found in other important extra hepatic sites. detection of hcv rna in extra hepatic reservoirs such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) is important for determining of disease progression and effective treatment. the present study aimed to determining of different hcv genot...

background: about 15% of couples have infertility problems which 40% of them are related to the male factors. genetic factors are candidate for about 10% of male infertility conditions. among these, azfa, azfb, azfc and azfd regions on the yq are considered most important for spermatogenesis. microdeletions of these regions are thought to be involved in some cases of azoospermic or oligospermic...

purpose: to ascertain whether the use of nested-pcr (nested polymerase chain reaction) technique leads to more rapid and accurate diagnosis of bacterial endophthalmitis. methods: the aqueous humor and vitreous samples of 24 eyes of 24 patients with bacterial endophthalmitis were evaluated by microscopy, diagnostic aerobic culture, and nested- pcr to detect the infectious agent. results: aerobic...

conclusions with regard to the ease of urine sample preparation and the 100% specificity the pcr method, performing urine pcr could be used as a diagnostic aid in ptb cases obtaining sputum samples is problematic. results results of the current study indicated that 48 (62.3%) patients out of 77 had a positive sputum culture. urine cultures and acid-fast smears were negative. urine pcr-tb was po...

background cervical cancer is the leading cause of death from cancer in under-developed countries. human papilloma virus (hpv) 16 and 18 are the most prevalent types associated with carcinogenesis in the cervix. conventional polymerase chain reaction (pcr), type-specific and consensus primer-based pcr followed by sequencing, restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) or hybridization by sp...