of 14 cases who underwent this operation only in one of them because of infection in operation site, we had to extract the expander. also, in the first day of the operation that we injected serum inside the expander of two other patients, the wound opened up and the expander appeared and came out automatically. the remaining ten patients have tolerated the operation after treatment period witho...

The aim of our study was to use tissue expansion for the treatment of giant congenital melanocytic nevi of the upper extremity and examine potential advantages over traditional techniques.There were 3 stages in the treatment of giant congenital melanocytic nevi of the upper extremities using tissue expansion: first, the expander was inserted into the subcutaneous pocket; second, the expander wa...

This study investigated the effect of the built-in volume ratio of an expander on the performance of a dual-loop Rankine cycle system for the engine waste heat recovery of a vehicle. Varying vehicle operating conditions can cause a positive displacement expander to operate in both underand over-expansion states. Therefore, analysis of the off-design performance of the expander is very important...

Carbon dioxide (CO2) as a natural refrigerant is one candidate alternative to HFC refrigerants. But CO2 system has lower efficiency and is not yet competitive concerning the COP. The most effective method to improve the efficiency of the transcritical CO2 system is to replace the throttling device with an expander. In this paper, a two-cylinder rolling piston expander without inlet valve has be...

A series of failures of a radial inflow hot gas expander driving a centrifugal compressor in a nitric acid plant plagued the second author’s former company over a 24 year period. The 19,000 hp single-stage radial inflow expander inlet and discharge blade tips would fail in service, destroying the inlet nozzle vanes and expander wheel, and causing extensive damage to the rotor, bearings, seals, ...

The tissue expansion technique has been applied to obtain new skin tissue to repair large defects in clinical practice. The implantation of tissue expander could initiate a host response to foreign body (FBR), which leads to fibrotic encapsulation around the expander and prolongs the period of tissue expansion. Tanshinon IIA (Tan IIA) has been shown to have anti-inflammation and immunoregulatio...

Aim: Autologous tissue is considered the “gold standard” for breast reconstruction today. However, little is known about deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap reconstruction in combination with tissue expander (TE)/implant. The authors describe a series of combined DIEP flap/TE reconstruction, including its indications and technique to ensure protection of the pedicle during the expan...

One application of graph theory is to analyze connectivity of neurons and axons in the brain. We begin with basic definitions from graph theory including the Cheeger constant, a measure of connectivity of a graph. In Section 2, we will examine expander graphs, which are very sparse yet highly connected. Surprisingly, not only do expander graphs exist, but most random graphs have the expander pr...

Expander codes count among the numerous applications of expander graphs. The term was first coined by Sipser and Spielman when they showed how expander graphs can be used to devise error-correcting codes with large blocklengths that can correct efficiently a constant fraction of errors. This approach has since proved to be a fertile avenue of research that provides insight both into modern iter...