objective(s) using herbal medicines as a complementary treatment method is increasing in wide variety of diseases. ms14-an herbal-marine preparation-is reported to have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities; however, the mechanism underlying its therapeutic effect is not known. macrophages play an important role in host defense mechanisms and carry out their role by producing variou...

Aims: Increased plasma tumour necrosis α (TNFα) and elevated monocyte nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) are associated with liver injury and inflammation in models of alcoholic liver disease and are found to be elevated in monocytes of patients with alcoholic hepatitis. Acetaldehyde enhances, whereas TNFα inhibits, transcription of the type I collagen promoters and type I collagen production. NF-κ...

INTRODUCTION The present study assessed the potential functions of interleukin (IL)-32α on inflammatory arthritis and endotoxin shock models using IL-32α transgenic (Tg) mice. The potential signaling pathway for the IL-32-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α axis was analyzed in vitro. METHODS IL-32α Tg mice were generated under control of a ubiquitous promoter. Two disease models were used to examin...

background: despite the ever-increasing beneficial applications of magnetic nanoparticles in biological systems, few studies have been carried out on the combined effects of nanoparticles (fe and ni) on human health. in the present study the effects of fe2nio4 nanoparticle on inflammatory factors were assessed. methods : twenty-four wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: two groups we...

The cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) is one of the key factors during the priming phase of liver regeneration as well as in hepatocarcinogenesis. TNFα activates the nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) signaling pathway and contributes to the conversion of quiescent hepatocytes to activated hepatocytes that are able to proliferate in response to growth fa...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the kinetics of hepatitis B virus (HBV) viral loads and HBV reactivation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients undergoing therapy with tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) inhibitors. METHODS The authors investigated the virological, serological and biochemical evidence of HBV reactivation in 88 RA patients receiving anti-TNFα therapy. Levels of HBV surface (HBs) antig...

The entry of metastatic cancer cells into the liver can trigger a rapid inflammatory response with increased local production of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). We investigated the molecular mechanisms that protect tumor cells from TNFα-induced apoptosis. A molecular crosstalk between the TNFα/TNFR/NFκB and IGF-IR/PI3-K/AKT pathways was identified that leads to autocrine IL-6/IL-6R/STAT3 signal...

conclusions we have highlighted the role of rns3 plus rnt-gp96 mediated by α5integrin in producing il-12 and tnfα. it can be suggested that rnt-gp96 could enhance immunity characteristic of rns3 protein via production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. results our results showed that rnt-gp96 alone significantly increases the expression level of il-12, tnfα and α5integrin in thp-1 macrophages and d...

TNFα is a potent inducer of inflammation due to its ability to promote gene expression, in part via the NFκB pathway. Moreover, in some contexts, TNFα promotes Caspase-dependent apoptosis or RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL-dependent necrosis. Engagement of the TNF Receptor Signaling Complex (TNF-RSC), which contains multiple kinase activities, promotes phosphorylation of several downstream components, includi...

Sphingolipids represent a diverse group of bioactive lipid species that are generated intracellularly in response to tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and are implicated as potential mediators of acute lung injury. The purpose of these studies was to determine if there is an extracellular, TNFα–regulated pool of sphingolipids in the alveolus that modulates the surface-tension lowering capacity of ...