introduction: in order to study the alterations of beta 1 and 2 integrins mrna level in rat lumbar spinal cord following the induction of chronic pain and its effect on the development of tolerance to morphine analgesia, we examined the level of expression of these genes in the presence of chronic pain, which is an inhibitor of morphine tolerance. we used induction of chronic pain alone and in ...

abstract this study was conducted at rudasht research farm in isfahan to evaluate tolerance to zinc (zn) deficiency of 30 spring wheat genotypes, using split plots in a randomized complete blocks design with triplications. main plot consisted of two zn levels (zero and 80 kg zn ha-1 applied as zinc sulfate at planting). the results of anova as well as correlations between tolerance and suscepti...

background: reported data from developed countries showed that annually a high percentage of health budgets consume for controlling and treatment of complications in diabetes disease. early diagnosis of diabetes, education and health cares, not only prevent progress of disease and complications but also it is cost effective. methods: for gestational diabetes screening, all pregnant women attend...

background: bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy in women may lead to metabolic consequences in patients. this study was performed to determine the glucose tolerance and lipid profile after menopause resulting from bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. methods: from september 2011 to march 2013, 31 women participants aged 46-52 years who underwent hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for beni...

to investigate the effect of droughtstress on chlorophyll content, enzymatic responses and some growth characteristics of acacia victoriae seedlings and the effect of super-absorbent polymers (sap) in reducing drought stress, a split plot experiment based on the completely randomized design was conducted. the treatments included four levels of drought stress (15, 30, 60 and 100% of field capaci...

laser is one of the sources that induce a biological effect in higher plants. the positive effect of laser on some crops has been proved. this research was carried out to study the effect of laser radiation on the accumulation of proline in spring wheat (triticum aestivum cv. kavir) under different nacl treatment levels. semi-coherent red beam, infrared beam and one-second harmonics of neodymiu...

thrips tabaci is one of the most important pests causing serioues damages on onion s in iran despite several chemical sprayings. to assess the population density and damage of the thips on onion, improved sefid-e-khomein genotype along with seven other iranian cultivars of onoin were planted in a rcb design with four replications in two separate experiments (sprayed and non-spray ed ) in arak f...

Stress and chronic pain have been shown to prevent the development of tolerance to morphine analgesia, which appears to be related to neuroendocrine activity and alternation in neurochemicals. Also the involvement of nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in tolerance to morphine analgesia. In our pervious study, we showed that co-administration of swim stress (ss) with chronic morphine, prevent...